PICO Presentation By Taylor Sand PICO Question For

PICO Presentation By: Taylor Sand

PICO Question “ For women of child bearing age, does breastfeeding compared to not breastfeeding reduce their risk for breast cancer? ” v v Population: Women of child bearing age Intervention: Breastfeeding Comparison: Not Breastfeeding Outcome: No breast cancer

Results of the Literature v Search Words: Breastfeeding and Breast Cancer, Breastfeeding, Breast Cancer v Search Engine: Pub. Med, CINAHL v Results of Search: Included many studies related to the relationship between breastfeeding and breast cancer

Results of Literature v Babita, Kumar, N. , Singh, M. , Malik, J. S. , & Kalhan, M. (2012, November 2, 2012). Breastfeeding Reduces Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study in North India. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 791 -795. v Gonzalez-Jimenez, E. , Garcia, P. A. , Aguilar, M. J. , Padilla, C. A. , & Alvarez, J. (2013, 25 March, 2013). Breastfeeding and the prevention of breastcancer: a retrospective review of clinical histories. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2397 -2403.

Results of Literature Article One v Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women v A significant association of breast cancer cases was found with heredity, age at marriage, age at the first pregnancy, number of live births, and lifetime duration of breastfeeding. v Breastfeeding has a significant role in reducing breast cancer

Results of Literature Article Two v Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in younger women in Western countries v Identified significant differences between the age of the patients at breast cancer diagnosis, smoking habits, and lactation period if the subjects had breastfed their children for more than six months, regardless of whether they had a family history of cancer v Nurses play a crucial role in encouraging new mothers to breastfeed their children, and this helps to prevent breast cancer

Findings for Article One v Theory v Study/ Design: Simple-Random Sample, Case-Control Study v Methods: 128 confirmed new cases of breast cancer; 95% confidence interval v Findings

Findings for Article Two v Theory v Study/ Design: Retrospective study, 504 women diagnosed and treated for breast cancer v Methods: Usage of patients contributing factors and a conditional inference tree v Findings

Ethical Considerations in Research browngirlnextdoor. com

Strengths v Article One - Addressing breast cancer affects; not just health related - In rural countries only those with money and healthcare being diagnosed v Article Two - Affects of female hormones - Women with a history of breast cancer and those without

Quality of Studies v Article One - Limited Barriers - Controls were matched with 2 yr. age range v Article Two - Age group finely laid out - Case control was 1: 1

Credibility

Relevance to Practice v Main Focus v Evidence Based Practice nursing. med. nyu. edu

Additional PICO Questions v “For women of child bearing age, does the media compared to personal beliefs influence breastfeeding? ” v. P: Women of child bearing age v. I: Breastfeeding v. C: Media and Personal Beliefs v. O: Decrease in Breastfeeding Rates

Additional PICO Questions v “Do infants benefit from mother child interaction while breastfeeding compared to those who are bottle fed? ” v. P: Infants v. I: Mother/ child interaction v. C: Breastfeeding and Bottle feeding v. O: Infant/ Mother bonding

Conclusion v Breastfeeding reduces the risk of breast cancer v Those with a family history of breast cancer are more at risk of getting breast cancer v Some cultures prohibit breastfeeding, resulting in increased disposition v Education is the key to reduction