PIA 3090 COMPARATIVE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION The Main Event
PIA 3090 COMPARATIVE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
The Main Event o Golden Oldies o Literary Map o The Grand Synthesis
Prologue- World Bank Mission o o Local Governance and Civil Society in Guinea Conakry Creation of a Poverty Alleviation Fundincludes Micro-Credit o Design Capacity for Service Delivery o Role For Civil Society
A Small Diversion GOVERNANCE IN GUINEA-CONAKRY
PERSONS OF THE WEEK o Osborne and Gabler o John Armstrong
Administrative Culture o o o Socialization and Bureaucratic Behavior The Concept of political and Administrative Culture A mixture of elite and mass culture
Three components of Culture a. Values b. Beliefs c. Emotions
THESIS o o Political Culture can predict political behavior Culture limits the action of citizens and administrators, channels demands and excludes certain possible policy options
The Concept of Political Culture a. People are tied to a unique web of historical experiences b. Assumption: From the general culture one can extract out the salient aspects of that culture that relate to political behavior and administrative traditions
The Concept Continued c. Organizational Culture is a subset of broader cultural assumptions d. In looking for evidence of a political or an administrative culture we are looking for a set of representative values for the people of that society
Two Assumptions 1. Many cultures: regional, administrative, ethnic, professional, etc. including hierarchy of values 2. These are effected by historical origin, race, gender, education, region, etc.
The Key Three dimensions of Culture
The Cognitive Dimension- What people know. o o a. The set of historical and cultural information to which any native of the society is automatically tuned in b. All societies have their peculiarities which are part of their political culture
The Evaluative Dimension- Not the is but the what ought to be a. What is good and bad b. U. S. - Military service good, welfare cheaters bad
The Emotive Dimension. The emotional attachment that people have to their political system a. Symbolism and myth, anthems and flags b. Provides the strength of values c. Nationalism- “My country right or wrong”
Socialization 1. Process by which political attitudes are formed and maintained 2. Acquisition of values, beliefs, and knowledge about the political system on both the individual and community level 3. Cultural transmission across generations- the introduction of new generations to the beliefs and values of the old
Socialization- Continued 1. Can be a conscious or an unconscious effort- as to how attitudes towards policy are formed 2. Issue of Cultural Engineering. Ideological and explicit 3. Revolutionary & Developmental Societies- Ideological and explicit
Socialization- Continued o o U. S. and Western Europe- mostly indirect (Instrumental and implicit) Often hidden within a pragmatic, fairly loose value system
The Crux of the Issue Socialization: Mass vs. elite (vs. Organizational) socialization
Levels of Socialization a. Primary- Most important: occurs within the family b. Secondary- Everything else before adulthood, school, peers, national and regional- it is here that cultural engineering occurs c. Tertiary- Professional and Organizational- Begins with University. Issue how specialization of bureaucratic elites is related to socialization and education
The Way Things Are Learned o o May be cognitive, evaluative or emotional Vague Patriotic image- eg. U. S. paternal. President as "super-friend" and father image (shattered by Watergate and post. Watergate- See Woodward Book Shadows) o Societal and community definitions o Personal identification with government
Socialization and Public Service o o Discussion: John Armstrong- The European Administrative Elite
Armstrong’s Thesis n Asynchronous Comparison n Status, Role Theory and Counter-Roles n n n Socialization and the Diffusion of Development Doctrines The Prefect as Territorial Administrator and role in Development Intervention Back to Reality: Guinea’s Prefect as a Rent -Seeking Predator
Assumption o Political, Administrative Culture and Socialization have a major impact on organizational behavior.
Values and Motivation 1. Theory X vs. Theory Y 2. Maslov’s Hierarchy: Basic needs, social needs and ego needs 3. Application of Theories of Motivation outside the U. S. Case Study (China, Korea, South Africa and Brazil) 4. The Special problem of Fragile and Collapsed states. 5. The Importance of a Motivation Country in a Country Such as Guinea
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