pi STRATEGY CONSULTING EGPP Cardbased Pilot Jan Mar

pi STRATEGY CONSULTING EGPP Card-based Pilot Jan – Mar 2014 Session April 2014 Evaluation Report

Overview pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 2

Introduction § A card-based pilot was carried out from January to March session of EGPP in two sub-districts: Bhurungamari and Dashmina § This presentation highlights the findings from an evaluation of the pilot program conducted by pi Strategy Consulting. § This evaluation is primarily based on information collected through face-to-face interviews, first hand focused observations and data provided by various stakeholders. They are: – – – – EGPP central team World Bank local office Beneficiaries in two sub-districts SARDARs in two sub-districts PIOs of two sub-districts Field Supervisors of two sub-districts BCCP field trainers Post office officials in two sub-districts pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 3

Introduction (contd. ) § This evaluation covers the entire geography of the pilot program. However, due to time and budget constraints, statistically significant sampling of the beneficiaries could not be possible. Instead, purposive sampling method was applied to identify beneficiaries at the initial stages and then, respondents were chosen randomly from the list. pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 4

Methodology § § § The preliminary questionnaire was developed by pi Strategy Consulting. This was then validated through feedback from local World Bank team. The updated questionnaire was subsequently tested in the field (Q-Test), and another round of edits were incorporated to arrive at the Final Questionnaire (see Appendix) for the evaluation. The field evaluation primarily comprises three tools: Collective 1. One-to-one interview Sample Size: 33 2. 3. FGD (Focus Group Discussion) and Focused Observation Bhurungamari One-to-one Interview FGD Beneficiary 5 1 (10 participants) SARDAR 1 PIO 1 BCCP Field 1 Trainer Post office official § 1 Beneficiary SARDAR PIO BCCP Field Trainer Post office official Dashmina One-to-one Interview FGD 4 1 (6 participants each) 1 1 As part of focused observation, pi Strategy team observed attendance and payment process in real time and identified major challenges. pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 5

Findings & Analysis pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 6

Beneficiary training was not sufficient § Beneficiaries were provided with 2. 5 h to 4 h training. 3040 beneficiaries received training at each session. § Training was perceived useful but not sufficient. Only 16% of the beneficiaries could read and recall their PIN. § No beneficiary was found who could complete the entire payment withdrawal on her own effort pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 7

PIN was not a secret code at all § A Personal Identification Number, or a PIN, is intended to be a confidential number. PIN is an integral part of the 2 -factor authentication process that is deemed very important for security purposes, and a critical differentiator from cash transactions § Beneficiaries keep the Postal Cash Card and the PIN together. Most of the beneficiaries have the PIN written down on a piece of paper that is often pasted over the PCC. If the card is lost or stolen, the money could easily be withdrawn by anyone. PIN was written over the card pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 8

Beneficiaries in Bhurnagamari save PAYMENT TIME ( I N H O U R S ) around 28 minutes on a payment day Old System New System with the new system. This was not observed in Dashmina, as with the old system Beneficiaries there Combined n=25 received the payments from the UP members. Though the old system Bhurungamari might be convenient for the n=15 beneficiaries but some hidden costs Dashmina may be associated with it. n=10 Beneficiaries in Bhurungamari save around BDT 7* on average during a Travelling cost for collecting payment day with the new system. payment (IN BDT) Beneficiaries in Dashmina did not 12 incur any cost with the previous Combined 20 n=25 system as they had to acquire 20 Bhurungamari payment from their nearby Union 13 n=15 Member. - § * excluding any unofficial fee. 3, 50 0, 95 3, 03 3, 50 3, 22 2, 48 § Benefits from New Payment Mechanism Dashmina n=10 - 5 10 Old System pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 15 20 25 31 30 35 New System 9

Beneficiaries lost PCC and/or PIN § Some beneficiaries lost their PCC and/or PIN and did not receive their payment § In Bhurungamari, both PCCs and PINs were reissued to the beneficiaries but no such step was taken in Dashmina Example from Field: 1 5 beneficiaries from Ramshagardi, Dashmina lost their PCCs and PINs, while they were crossing a river. But no PCCs and/or PINs were reissued to them Example from Field: 2 2 beneficiaries from Joymonirhut, Bhurungamari lost their PCCs and later those were reissued to them pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 10

Problems in attendance recording § In some cases, for improper handling Sardars blocked the POS machines and no attendance was taken that day § Network failure interrupted the attendance process sometimes Example from Field: 1 A Sardar from Dashmina Union blocked the POS machine. Later he called the customer care center of the machine provider and restarted the machine Example from Field: 2 On February 26, 2014 no attendance was given at different worksites of Dashmina Union due to network failure. pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 11

PCCs were taken away from beneficiaries § In Alipur Union, Dashmina, PCCs were taken away by UP Members from the beneficiaries after one day of delivery. Example from Field: 1 PCC was taken away from Barek, a beneficiary of Alipur Union, Dashmina by the UP member. Since then no attendance or payment withdrawal was made by him UP Members possessed all the beneficiary cards pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 12

Beneficiaries did not receive full payment § Beneficiaries in many cases did not receive full payment. § PCCs and PINs were taken away from the beneficiaries and they were also not informed about their payment amount. pi STRATEGY CONSULTING Example from Field: 1 Kalimullah of Alipur Union, Dashmina did not receive 10 working days payment. His PCC and PIN was also taken away from him 13

Inconsistency on payment day § § § On one payment day, no payment processing was observed in Alipur and Betagi. Shankipur Union of Dashmina. Post office officials were present at the payment point, but because beneficiaries did not have their cards on them, no payments could be made. After further inquiry with the local people, it was learnt that in Alipur, the UP Members sometimes obtained payments for all beneficiaries from the Post Office Officials and later disbursed the payments to the beneficiaries themselves from their own homes. pi STRATEGY CONSULTING PO officials were waiting for the beneficiaries at one union office in Dashmina. It was 2. 30 PM and no payments were made up to that point. 14

Waiting Time. Network Failure Lack of Information. Safekeeping Challenges and High-level Recommendations Challenges Safekeeping the PIN and the Postal Cash Card Beneficiaries have no clear knowledge about: • the amount of money they are going to receive. • the person to complain to if the amount received is less than he/she expected. Recommendations 1. 2. 3. A list could be provided to Sardar populated with the current balance of the beneficiaries’ account. A special-purpose POS device that only allowed balance checking could be used by beneficiaries (while waiting in queue or after receiving payment) A grievance mitigation system could be incorporated. 1. There should be a dedicated channel of information for the Sardars and the FS. Through the channel they would have the access to the proper authority to address such issues of unsuccessful attendance taking process due to some authentic technical problem. 1. Number of POS devices per beneficiaries needs to be increased. Number of payment day could be increased/staggered. Network Failure for an entire day causes interruption in attendance receiving process Beneficiaries have to wait for long periods on the payment day. It takes nearly 3 -5 hours to receive the payment. Small bag to keep the card could be provided that can be easily carried during work. Effective training is required 2. pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 15

APPENDICES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Questionnaire (for beneficiaries and Sardars) Lines of Inquiry (for PIO, FS, trainers, agents) Responses to Capstone questions Responses to all other questions not already shared within the Findings & Analysis section Findings from PIO/FS Findings from Trainers Findings from PO Officials Findings from Sardars pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 16

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR BENEFICIARIES 12. Do you have National ID card? (Y/N) SECTION-I: CAPSTONE DATA 1. Name 2. Beneficiary ID (from Job Card) 3. Note if she does not have Job Card (Y/N) 4. Age 5. Gender 6. Profession 7. Income (BDT) per month (outside of EGPP) Personal: HH: 8. Expense (BDT) per month Personal: HH: 9. Savings (BDT) per month Personal: HH: 10. Medium of Savings (Informal, MFI, Bank etc. ) Personal: HH: 11. Land Ownership (in decimals) 13. Mobile Phone Ownership (Y/N) If ‘Y’, then a. a. Handset Model b. Price of the Handset c. Years of Usage d. Can you tell us your phone number from memory? (Y/N) e. Phone Number f. MNO provider g. Can you dial a number from your handset? (Y/N) h. Can you read an SMS? (Y/N) i. Can you send an SMS from your handset? (Y/N) j. Number of Handsets in HH k. Frequency of Airtime Purchase per month (Personal and HH) l. Amount (BDT) of Airtime Purchase per month (Personal and HH) 12. Bank Account (Y/N) 1. if ‘Y’, Name of the Bank(s) pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 17

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR BENEFICIARIES (Contd. ) SECTION-II: GENERAL SECTION 14. PCC Number: 15. From whom did you collect the Postal Cash Card (PCC)? 16. How long did it take (waiting in queue) to collect the PCC? 17. Did you need to pay anyone to get the PCC? (Y/N). If Yes, a. How much? b. To Whom? 18. What documents (KYC form, Photocopy of National ID, Picture etc. ) did you need to submit to get the PCC? 19. How much did it cost you in travelling (both way) and preparing the necessary documents to get the PCC? 20. Did you participate in any training session? (Y/N). If Yes, a) What was the length of the training session? b) How many participants were there in one session? c) How many instructors were there in one session? d) What did you learn in the training session? e) Was the training session helpful for you? pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 21. How did you safe keep the PCC and/or PIN? 22. Do you keep/carry the PCC and PIN together? (Y/N) 23. Can you read your PIN? (Y/N) 24. Can you recall your PIN? (Y/N) 25. Do you know or have you heard of anyone who lost her PCC and/or PIN? (Y/N) a) If yes, then how many of them? b) How did they lose the PCC? c) What did they do as next steps to recover the PCC/PIN? 18

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR BENEFICIARIES (Contd. ) SECTION-III: ATTENDANCE RELATED SECTION-IV: PAYMENT RELATED 26. How do you give the attendance in the new system? (step by step activities) 35. Describe a typical Payment day of EGPP pilot. 36. How do you know that your payment has arrived? 27. How long does it take (including waiting time) to confirm 37. Do you know the current balance of your PCC account? attendance in the new system? (Y/N) 28. How long did it take (including waiting time) to confirm 38. How do you verify (step by step activities) with this PIN attendance in the old system? while withdrawing cash from a PO branch? 29. Which one do you prefer? (Old/ New) 39. How many times have you withdrawn wages during this 30. Why do you prefer this? session? 31. How many times have you sent replacement people in the current session? (Note the total number of working days in the current session) 32. How many times did you send replacement people in the previous session? 33. Where do you keep your PCC while working in the field? 34. Do you find it cumbersome to carry the PCC with you during the work sessions? (Y/N) pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 40. What amounts (Multiple) did you withdraw each time? 41. Was there any problem with liquidity at PO branch? (Y/N). If Yes, a) Number of such occurrences b) What did you do in such occasions? 42. Did you need to pay anybody to withdraw cash? (Y/N) a) If yes, how much did you pay per transaction? b) To whom? 19

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR BENEFICIARIES (Contd. ) 43. How long does it take to wait in queue for collecting cash in the new system? SECTION-V: REMARKS 44. How long did it take to wait in queue for collecting cash in the old system? 49. What challenges (if any) have you faced so far in the card-based attendance and payment system? 45. How much does it cost you in travelling (both way) to collect cash in the new system? 46. How much did it cost you in travelling (both way) to collect cash in the old system? 50. What problems (if any) have you noticed with others around you in the program? 51. What will be your suggestion (if any) for the improvement of the attendance verification and payment processes? 47. Which one do you prefer? (Old/New) 48. Why do you prefer this? pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 20

Line of Inquiries § For FS/ PIO: – – – – Name Contact Number Designation Role in the pilot Challenges faced so far during EGPP Pilot Problems with others around you in the program Suggestion for the improvement of the program pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 21

Line of Inquiries (contd. ) § For Trainer – – – – – Name Location Contact Number Designation A typical Training Day Description Number of Participants in each session Duration of each session Challenges faced so far Problems others faced during the program Suggestions pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 22

Line of Inquiries (contd. ) § For Post Office Official – – – – – Name Contact number Designation Frequency of Transaction in PCC per week Average amount transaction in PCC Describe an EGPP payment day Maximum number of EGPP beneficiaries served in one day How much time it takes Average amount of cash out by EGPP beneficiaries Total amount of cash needed upfront for EGPP payment Was having so much cash in advance a challenge Run out of Cash Actions after running out of cash Beneficiaries who can tell or enter PIN Charge per transaction to EGPP beneficiary How do you handle beneficiaries who lose PIN Challenges faced during EGPP wage disbursement Problems others around you have faced Suggestion for the improvement of payment process pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 23

Q-3 Average Age varies among region § Beneficiaries in Dashmina are slightly older than beneficiaries in Bhurungamari Average Age Vurungamari 33, 5 n=15 Dashmina 43 n=10 0 5 10 15 20 25 pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 30 35 40 45 50 24

Q 4 - Uniform Gender Split § There is an equal split between Male and Female beneficiaries Gender Split Total 56% 44% n=25 Bhurungamari 53% 47% n=15 Dashmina 60% 40% n=10 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Male 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Female pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 25

Q 5 Professional Split § Majority of beneficiaries in Dashmina are day laborers. In Bhurungamari it’s equally split among Farmers, Housemaids and Unemployed Profession 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Dashmina Bhurungamri n=10 n=15 Farmer Housemaid Day Laborer Total n=25 Unemployed pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 26

Q 6 Income Distribution INCOME DISTRIBUTION Average Household Income 4 320 3 350 4 967 6 400 7 600 Average Personal Income 4 600 § Beneficiaries in Bhurungamari have a 48% higher personal income on average than the beneficiaries in Dashmina § Furthermore Bhurungamari Beneficiaries have about 65% higher Household Income on average compared to their Dashmina Counterparts pi STRATEGY CONSULTING Dashmina n=10 Bhurungamari n=15 Combined n=25 27

Q 8, 9 Savings § Beneficiaries in Bhurungamari are more likely to save than beneficiaries in Dashmina 20% Bhurungamri Those who save in Dashmina save about BDT 350 on average Those who save in Bhurungamari save about BDT 285 on average 33% 67% 80% n=10 Have Savings Don't have Savings But those who save in Dashmina save about 23% more on average than beneficiaries in Bhurungamari pi STRATEGY CONSULTING n=15 Have Savings Don't have Savings Only 1 respondent saves his money in a formal bank; rest save informally 28

Q 10 Land Ownership § None of the Beneficiaries in Dashmina have any kind of land ownership. § But 53% of Bhurungamari beneficiaries own land. § Those who own land, they own about 6. 125 decimals of land on average Bhurungamari Land ownership 47% 53% n=15 Own Land pi STRATEGY CONSULTING Don't own land 29

Q 11, 12 & 13 Bank account NID and Mobile Handset possession § All of beneficiaries interviewed have a National Identification Card Bank Account Posession 8% HANDSET POSSESSION Have a Handset 70% Don't have a Handset 60% 92% n=25 Have Bank Accounts 30% Dashmina n=10 40% Don't have Bank accounts Bhurungamari n=15 pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 30

Q 13 Mobile Phone Ownership HANDSET MODEL HANDSET POSSESSION Nokia Have Handset Symphony Don't Know REMEMBER PHONE NUMBER FROM MEMORY 8% Don't Have Handset 2 2 Yes No 36% 64% 5 92% n=25 Handset Model n=9 MOBILE PHONE USE Can perform Type SMS Read SMS Dial Number 0% Can't perform Average Phone Price BDT 1, 425 100% 25% 75% 36% 64% n=9 pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 31

Q 15 -24 PCC, Training & PIN related § § On average the beneficiaries have to wait for 1 Hour and 26 minutes to collect the Postal Cash Card from Union Parishad office. None of the beneficiaries had to pay money to acquire the Postal Cash Card Read and Recall PIN n=25 Training Session Content: § § how to use the Postal Cash Card, how to register the attendance, how to acquire the payment from Post Office and the whole payment mechanism. Participants: 3040 Time: 2. 5 -4 hour Trainer: 2 BCCP Field trainer Morning Participants: 3040 Time: 2. 5 -4 hour Trainer: 2 BCCP Field trainer Evening pi STRATEGY CONSULTING Read PIN n=25 0% Combined 5% 10% 15% Bhurungamari 20% 25% Dashmina All of the Beneficiaries carry the PCC and PIN with them during work 32

Q 26 -29 Attendance § During attendance the beneficiary brings the card and the PIN and gives them to the Sardar. The Sardar swipes the card, reads the PIN and enters the PIN himself. None of the beneficiaries enters the PIN by themselves. Swipes Card Enters PIN Operation Successful Enters Ok ATTENDANCE TIME (IN MINUTES) Dashmina n=10 pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 1, 4 1, 5 1, 24 Old System 1 All the beneficiaries unanimously agree that they prefer the new system 1, 25 New System Bhurungamari n=15 Combined n=25 33

Q 30 -34 Replacement and PCC § § None of the beneficiaries sent replacement workers during the current session. 12% of the respondents say that they sent replacements during the previous session FIND CARRYING PCC CUMBERSOME Yes n=10 No Keep PCC and PIN Dashmina n=10 In a polybag With Sardar Pocket Bhurungamari n=15 33% 80% 67% 20% Dashmina Bhurungamari pi STRATEGY CONSULTING n=15 In a polybag With Sardar Pocket 34

Q 34 -41 Payment process § A typical payment day The beneficiaries gather in front of the PO/Union Parishad office at around 9 A. M. They need to wait 3 -5 hours on average to receive the money When their turns comes they hand over the PCC card and the PIN to the PO officials swipe the card and enter the PIN in the POS machine A thumb print is taken in a sheet against their name § § § The Union Parishad members informs them about the payment day None of the beneficiaries know or can check their PCC balance All of the beneficiaries give the card and PIN to the PO official completes the transaction and delivers the money pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 35

Q 42 - 46 Payment Time and Cost PAYMENT TIME 3, 50 Old System 3, 03 2, 48 Travelling cost for collecting payment (IN HOURS) 3, 22 New System 3, 50 § None of beneficiaries had to pay extra to anybody to receive payments Combined n=25 Bhurungamari 0, 95 n=15 Dashmina n=10 - 10, 0 Old System 20, 0 30, 0 40, 0 New System In old system beneficiaries from Dashmina incurred zero travelling cost as UP members provided them the payments. Members collected the payments and gave it to the beneficiaries. pi STRATEGY CONSULTING Dashmina n=10 Bhurungamari n=15 Combined n=25 In old system beneficiaries used to receive payments from the union members directly in Dashmina. None of the beneficiaries in Dashmina went to a bank to receive payments. But in Bhurungamari it took them longer receive payments as they had wait in longer queues in Banks 36

Q 47 -51 Preference, Challenges & Problems Beneficiaries unanimously agree that they prefer the new system Challenges § Reasons for preferring the new system They receive the payments themselves. It’s more accurate § One of the major challenge that the beneficiaries perceive is to safe-keep the PCC and the PIN Don't have clear idea about what to do when someone misses an attendance The system is mechanized, very low probability of manipulation Problems § § Network failure caused them to sacrifice one day’s work/payment. No attendance was given at that particular day. Waiting time during the payment day is burdensome to them. They have to stay 3/4 hours in-front of the Post Office. pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 37

Findings from PIO Dashmina Name of the Project Implementation Officer Sohrab Hossain What was your role in the Pilot? 1. Overall labor selection 2. Monitoring 3. FS recruitment 4. Payment Monitoring 5. Sardar Selection What challenges did you face so far implementing the Pilot? 1. Illiterate people 2. New process 3. Payment is given at a particular day from Union Post office Problems with others around you in the program Payment day problem, with long queues What are your suggestions for improving the 1. Incentive for Upazilla & Union members pilot? 2. Solution for lost Card pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 38

Findings from FS Bhurungamari Name of the Project Implementation Officer Towhidul Islam What was your role in the Pilot? 1. Beneficiary list preparation 2. Monitoring of beneficiary training 3. Monitoring of Sardar training 4. PCC and PIN disbursement 5. Project initiation 6. Overall management 1. Illiterate people 2. New process 3. Payment is given at a particular day from Union Post office What challenges did you face so far implementing the Pilot? Problems with others around you in the program 1. Lost/damaged PCC 2. Lost/Damaged PIN 3. Name exist in payroll but not in A/C What are your suggestions for improving the 1. Incentive for Upazilla & Union members pilot? 2. Solution for lost Card/PIN pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 39

Findings from Field Trainers Dashmina Name Muhitur Rahman Khan Designation Program Co-ordinator, BCCP Describe your typical Training session On a particular day two training sessions took place one in the morning session and other in the afternoon. Beneficiaries were informed beforehand they were given a time and a date to come. They usually came in half an before the session and stay till the end. Number of Participants in each 40 -45 beneficiaries session? Duration of each session 3 Hours Challenges faced during training? 1. Illiterate people 2. New process 3. Payment day problem pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 40

Findings from Field Trainers Dashmina Name Designation Jahidul Islam BCCP field trainer Describe your typical Training session Number of Participants in each session? Duration of each session Challenges faced during training? 30 -40 beneficiaries 3 Hours pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 41

Findings from PO Official Dashmina Name Designation Frequency of Transaction in PCC per week (other than EGPP Payments) Average amount transaction in PCC (other than EGPP Payments) Describe an EGPP payment day Paresh Chandra Debnath Post master 0 Maximum number of EGPP beneficiaries served in one day 623 How much time it takes Average amount of cash out by EGPP beneficiaries 5 minutes for each beneficiary 1, 000 BDT Total amount of cash needed upfront tfor EGPP payment 26, 14, 800 BDT Was having so much cash in advance a challenge No Run out of Cash Actions after running out of casjh Benefeciaries who can tell or enter PIN No 0% Charge per transaction to EGPP beneficiary 0 How do you handle beneficiaries who lose PIN Ask them to apply for replacement through proper channels Challenges faced during EGPP wage disbursement - Problems others around you have faced Suggestion for the improvement of payment process - 0 Payment start at 9: 00 am and runs until 5: 00 pm, two employees from Patuakhali office come to assist. Lines are formed outside of the post office, then one by one each beneficiary is let in. Usually we use 1 POS machine but whenever there is huge line outside the second POS machine is also used. For regional deployment, 2 POS machines each are sent from Dashmina office to 5 other unions. The POS machines are accompanied by two representatives from the Patukhali office. pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 42

Findings from PO Official Bhurungamari Name Md. Ashraf Ali Designation Post Master Frequency of Transaction in PCC per week (other than EGPP Payments) 0 Average amount transaction in PCC (other than EGPP Payments) 0 Describe an EGPP payment day Maximum number of EGPP beneficiaries served in one day 200 How much time it takes 5 minutes for each beneficiary Average amount of cash out by EGPP beneficiaries 1, 000 BDT Total amount of cash needed upfront tfor EGPP payment - Was having so much cash in advance a challenge No Run out of Cash Actions after running out of casjh No - Benefeciaries who can tell or enter PIN 0% Charge per transaction to EGPP beneficiary 0 How do you handle beneficiaries who lose PIN - Challenges faced during EGPP wage disbursement - Problems others around you have faced - Suggestion for the improvement of payment process - pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 43

Findings from Sardar Dashmina Name Age Gender Education Income Household size Household Income Profession of Hosehold Head Land ownership Other Government Grant Mobile EGPP Mobile Describe a day of EGPP attendance MD. Nasir 50 Male Class 3 5, 000 5 10, 000 Farmer None Gets at the site 8: 45. starts taking attendance from 9: 00 am. Takes the card and PIN from each beneficiary, then swipes the card and imputs the PIN. How many workers work under your supervision 75 Card based system allow for better monitoring Yes Receive training on how to use POS machine Yes Satisfaction level on the training progran It was really helpful Average attendence cards swiped with the POS machine each day 70 Average length of attendance procedure with previous paper based system Average mistakes while entering attendance codes of beneficiaries in a single day Experience of network failure Frequency of network failure Challenges you faced during EGPP pilot Problems others faced around you in th eprogram Suggestions for the improvement of the program ' pi STRATEGY CONSULTING 1 hour 3 -4 hours Yes 2 out of 35 days 44