Physical Science Unit 1 Physical Science Basics Science

Physical Science Unit 1 Physical Science Basics

Science Terms �Pure Science: studying the world or learning new things about it �Ex. finding a new plant �Technology, or applied science: using science to improve someone’s life �Ex. Using plants to make medicine

Branches of Science 1. Life Science: study of living things…biology 2. Earth Science: study of Earth formations and how we “fit” in the universe 3. Physical Science: study of matter and energy Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space a. a. Any solid, liquid, or gas Energy: the ability to cause change b. b. Motion, sound, light, heat

The Scientific Method � the way scientists collect information and test ideas Problem/Question Observations 1. 2. 1. Hypothesis 3. 1. Proposed solution (testable) Experiment 4. 1. Test with organized procedure Record and Analyze Data Conclusion 5. 6. 1. 7. Gather information Answer question from step 1 Repeat

Law vs. Theory �Scientific Law: describes something's behavior and has been proven by many experiments �Ex. When you release an object into the air, it falls to the ground �Scientific Theory: explains WHY something behaves the way it does �Ex. The object falls to the ground because of Earth’s gravity

Good Experiment has several parts: 1. Control: something to compare your results to 2. Constants: parts that do not change 3. Independent Variable: part that the scientist changes 4. Dependent Variable: part that changes because of the independent variable

Example �Ms. Rhoney wants to find out which bug spray works best: Off, Avon, or Cutter. Four students help her. These are her results: �Group 1 (OFF): 4 mosquito bites �Group 2 (Avon): 18 mosquito bites �Group 3 (Cutter): 10 mosquito bites �Group 4 (none): 28 mosquito bites

�What should be the control? (How do we know the sprays work at all? ) �What should have been kept constant? �What is the independent variable? (what did she change each time? ) � What is the dependent variable? (what changed because of the type of spray used? ) � What should be her conclusion?

Graph of Bug Spray Data # of Bites # of bug bites 30 25 20 Off Avon 15 Cutter 10 None 5 0 Off Avon Cutter None

Graphing � A Graph is a visual display of data

Circle Graph Shirt Color �Circle Graphs, or pie graphs show something is broken down into parts. (usually 10% White 15% 50% 25% Blue Red Other

Bar Graph �Bar Graphs Color M&M’s in Bag 16 # M&M’s show 14 information 12 10 that has been 8 6 counted. 4 2 0 Red Blue Yellow Green Brown

Line Graphs �Line Graphs are Water being heated Temperature C used to show trends of how data changes over time. The Independent Variable is on the xaxis and the Dependent Variable is on the yaxis. 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 5 10 15 20 Time (minutes) 25

Interpolate and Extrapolate: