Physical Properties Physical Changes All matter has physical

Physical Properties Physical Changes All matter has physical and chemical properties. • • Physical Properties A description of a substance (Ex. Colour, Smell, Taste, Solid, Liquid, Gas) that does not involve forming a new substance. A change of state, (solid -> liquid-> gas, such as melting) or a change in form that does not alter the chemical properties of a substance is called a Physical Change. 6/7/2021 1

Physical Properties Review Hardness - how much a solid resists being scratched or dented • _____ Malleability - a substance can be hammered or bent into different shapes. • _____ If they shatter instead they are brittle. Ductility • _____ - a substance can be drawn out into a wire Form the solid form of many minerals in which you can see a • Crystal _____ definite structure of cubes or blocks with a regular pattern Solubility • _____ the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent • Viscosity _____ how easily a liquid can pour. The thicker the liquid is the viscous more _________it is. Density • _____is the amount of matter per unit volume of that matter. (Expressed in kg/m 3, g/cm 3, g/m. L, g/L) 6/7/2021 2

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CHEMICAL PROPERTIES CHEMICAL CHANGES • Chemical Properties – a description of what a substance does as it changes into one or more new substances. • • Chemical Change - A characteristic that occurs when a substance changes into a new substance. - This change is called a Chemical Change. Ex. When baking soda is added to vinegar a new substance (carbon dioxide) is formed. This reaction with vinegar is a chemical property of baking soda. The starting materials in a reaction (baking soda & vinegar) are called the REACTANTS. The new materials that are produced (CO 2 & H 2 O) are called the PRODUCTS. 6/7/2021 4

Physical and Chemical Changes Visible Change (Evidence) A new colour appears. Example universal indicator turning purple in a base Heat or light is produced or absorbed. firefly lighting up Bubbles of gas are formed. fizzing tablet in water A solid material (a precipitate) forms in liquid. Lead (II) Iodide forms when Lead ((II) Nitrate and Sodium Iodide are mixed a candle burning The change is (generally) difficult to reverse. Picture 5. 1 physical property chemical property