Physical Education Todays Objectives 1 Understand the difference

Physical Education

Today’s Objectives: 1. Understand the difference between Physical education and physical activity. 2. Understand the importance of Physical Education and Physical Activity. 3. Identify the Components of a Quality Physical Education Program. 4. Understand the concept of a Coordinated School Health Team. (CSHT) 5. Understand the new Local Wellness Policy requirements. 6. Learn Strategies to Incorporate Physical Activities Into the School day.

Alarming Health Trend: Obesity The number of overweight children has more than doubled for 12 -19 year olds. The number of overweight children has more than tripled for 6 -11 year olds - that’s 16 % or 9 million children. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. www. cdc. gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/

Solutions within the school environment • Coordinated School Health Programs. • Quality Physical Education Programs • Opportunities for Physical Activity & Policy & Legislation

Physical Education provides physical activity to all children and teaches them the skills and knowledge needed to establish and sustain an active lifestyle. Physical Activity is bodily movement of any type and may include recreational, fitness and sport activities as well as daily activities such as raking the leaves.

Physical Education & Physical Activity Are they important enough to be included in the educational system?

The Journal of Pediatrics, Vol 146, No 6, June 2005

Physical Activity: Research & Rationale • Research shows that school-based physical activity programs can help students increase concentration, reduce disruptive behaviors, and improve scores in mathematics, reading and writing. • Research also suggests a critical link among movement & attention, spatial perception, and learning & memory in youth and adults, including those with special needs.

Physical Activity: Impact on Learning üImproves self image üStimulates chemicals within the brain that improve mood üReduces stress and anxiety üCan significantly improve behavior A study at the State University of New York at Buffalo showed that exercise significantly improved behavior. Children ages 5 -12 diagnosed with ADHD participated in 40 minutes of exercise, five days per week. Significant behavior was evident in as few as 3 weeks.

Policy On Quality Physical Education Passed by the State Board of Education in October 2003 and recommends that all public schools: – offer physical education opportunities that include components of a quality physical education program. – offer physical education 150 minutes per week in Elementary and 225 minutes per week in Middle and High School.

Elements of Quality Physical Education - Aligned w/Michigan Standards - - Includes: motor skills, physical fitness, cognitive concepts, personal/social skills. Taught by certified physical education teachers Aligns curriculum, instruction, assessment Involves students in purposeful activity Includes students of all abilities - Appropriate student to teacher ratio - Adequate time

NCLB does not address qualifications needed to teach physical education, the Michigan state legislation and Michigan state board policy clearly address the issue.

Qualified Teachers of Physical Education Teachers who teach Physical Education must have the appropriate endorsement on his/her certificate. MB MX SP A quality physical education program should be taught by certified physical education teacher trained in best practice physical education methods. Michigan Department of Education – January 2005

Currently at the National Level: A Bill to Include Physical Education in No Child Left Behind has been introduced: • Senator John Cornyn (R-TX) introduced legislation, S. 1276, to require content and performance standards for physical education beginning in school year 2006 -2007. • By the 2008 -2009 school year, states would also have to assess student progress in physical education.

Michigan’s Current State Law On Physical Education (1) Health and physical education for pupils of both sexes shall be established and provided in all public schools of this state. Subject to subsection (2), each pupil attending public school in this state who is physically fit and capable of doing so shall take the course in physical education.

Michigan’s Current State Law On Physical Education (2) A school district may credit a pupil’s participation in extracurricular athletics or other extracurricular activities involving physical activity as meeting the physical education requirement for the pupil under subsection (1). School Code Sec. 380. 1502 revised 1 -9 -96

Physical and Health Education Legislation!! • House Bill No. 4859 • Sponsored by Leslie Mortimer.

Long Term Goals 2015 Districts must provide: • 150 minutes per week and 150 minutes per week for entire year in grades K-5. • 45 minutes each day and 225 minutes per week for entire year in grades 6 -8. • 225 minutes per week for the entire year in both physical and health education in grades 9 -12. • Maintain student teacher ratio consistent with other classes.

Intermediate Goals 2010 Districts must provide: • 30 minutes - 3 days and 90 minutes a week for entire year in grades K-5. • 45 minutes - 5 days and 225 minutes a week for two entire years in M. S. grades 6 -8. • 45 minutes - 5 days and 225 minutes per week for two entire years in two H. S. grades 9 -12.

Short-Term Goals 2007 Districts must provide: • 30 minutes -2 days and 60 minutes per week for entire year in grades K-5. • 45 minutes - 5 days and 150 minutes per week for one entire year in one M. S. grade 6 -8. • 45 minutes - 5 days and 150 minutes per week for one entire year in one H. S. grade 9 -12. • Eliminate substitution.

Proposed High School Graduation Requirements November 8, 2005 www. michigan. govhighschool Scroll to Current Topics box… Click on Request for Public Comment

State of Michigan Curriculum Guidelines: • 14 physical education content standards. • Benchmarks are more detailed learning objectives: – – Early elementary K-2 Later elementary 3 -5 Middle School 6 -8 High school 9 -12 • Grade level content expectations (GLCE). What students should know and be able to do at the end of each grade.

Content Standards Benchmarks Early Elementary Later Elementary Middle School High School Grade Level Content Expectations (GLCE) K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

A MEAP test for Physical Education is currently being developed. It will be optional for schools and ready to pilot in the 2006 -2007 school year.

Michigan’s Consensus For Addressing Childhood Weight Issues Order or download at www. emc. cmich. edu/healthyweight/

Recommended Steps to Meet Goals A. Create a Coordinated School Health Team (CSHT) B. Conduct an assessment: Michigan’s Healthy School Action Tool (HSAT) C. Develop Action Plan – Policy and Environment changes

Components of Coordinated School Health Teams 1. Family and Community Involvement 2. Comprehensive School Health Education 3. Physical Education 4. School Health Services 5. Counseling, Psychological, & Social Services 6. School Nutrition Services 7. Healthy School Environment 8. School-site Health Promotion for Staff

Family/ Community Involvement Health Education Health Promotion for Staff Healthy School Environment Physical Education Health Services Nutrition Services Counseling, Psychological & Social Services

The Healthy Schools Assessment Tool Assessment & Action Plan www. mihealthtools. org/schools

ØThere are eight modules in the Healthy School Assessment Tool ØBased on the eight Coordinated School Health Program components. ØEach item/question represents one indicator of a healthy school environment school related to healthy eating, physical activity and a tobacco-free lifestyle.

Local Wellness Policy Section 204 of Public Law 108 -265

LWP • Section 204 of the Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 • Became Law – June 30, 2004 • Must comply for the 2006 school year

Wellness Policy Components 1. Set goals for nutrition education, physical activity, and other schoolbased activities. 2. Nutrition guidelines 3. Guidelines for reimbursable school meals. 4. A plan for measuring implementation of the local wellness policy. 5. Community involvement.

Plan The Content Policy must include the following: 1 a. Nutrition education goals b. Physical activity goals c. Other school-based activities 2. Nutrition guidelines/standards 3. Assurances that USDA school meals guidelines are being met 4. Plan for measuring implementation – Designation of 1 or more people to ensure wellness policy is being met at all school buildings We recommend having a specific workgroup designated to work on each of the above sections.

1 a. Nutrition Education Goals • Every year, all students, Pre-K-12, shall receive nutrition education that is aligned with the Michigan Health Education Content Standards and Benchmarks. • Nutrition education that teaches the knowledge, skills, and values needed to adopt healthy eating behaviors shall be integrated into the curriculum. • Nutrition education information shall be offered throughout the school campus including, but not limited to, school dining areas and classrooms. • Staff members who provide nutrition education shall have the appropriate training.

1 b. Physical Activity Goals • The district shall offer physical education opportunities that include the components of a quality physical education program. • Physical education shall equip students with the knowledge, skills, and values necessary for lifelong physical activity. • Physical education instruction shall be aligned with the Michigan Physical Education Content Standards and Benchmarks. • Every year, all students, Pre-K-12, shall have the opportunity to participate regularly in supervised physical activities, either organized or unstructured, intended to maintain physical fitness and to understand the short- and long-term benefits of a physically active and healthy lifestyle.

1 c. Other School Based Activities • The district may implement other appropriate programs that help create a school environment that conveys consistent wellness messages and is conducive to healthy eating and physical activity. http: //www. fns. usda. gov/tn/Healthy/policy_component 4. html

Adopt the Policy • • • Process differs by district Learn your districts process Continue meeting to ensure Local Wellness Policy (LWP) is being implemented

Local Wellness Policy Website: www. fns. usda. gov/tn Click: Local Wellness Policy Michigan Department of Education Model Local Wellness Policy www. tn. fcs. msue. msu. edu/policies. html SBE Adopted 10/2005

In addition to a Quality Physical Education Program…. . Physical Activity can be incorporated throughout the day in numerous ways!

The Journal of Pediatrics, Vol 146, No 6, June 2005

Physical Activity Guides for the Classroom: Ø Brain Breaks - www. emc. cmich. edu/Brain. Breaks Ø Energizers - www. ncpe 4 me. com/energizers. html Ø Take Ten - www. take 10. net Promoting Physical Activity: Ø Michigan Team Nutrition Booklist www. tn. fcs. msue. msu. edu/booklist. html Ø Display posters or banners with PA themes www. nal. usda. gov/wicworks/Sharing_Center/KYactivitypyramid. pdf

Promoting Physical Activity Use Physical Activity to Reward Students: Ø Extra recess Ø Walk with Teacher at lunch Ø Earn Physical Activity time for good behavior Do Five-Minute Activities: Ø Calisthenics Ø Macarena Ø Hokey-Pokey Ø The Chicken Dance!!

Promoting Physical Activity Ø Feelin’ Good Mileage Club www. fitnessfinders. net Ø PE Central Pedometer site www. pecentral. org/pedometry/index. html Ø 28 million footsteps across America Challenge www. creativewalking. com/school. html

Promoting Physical Activity Ø All Children Exercising Simultaneously ACES – May 3 rd, 2006 www. michiganfitness. org Ø Hoops for Heart www. americanheart. org Ø Jump Rope for Heart www. americanheart. org/jump Ø Walk to School Day – October 5 th, 2005 www. michiganfitness. org www. saferoutesmichigan. org/w 2 sd. htm

What’s the big deal about Recess ? • “Recess” is one of the most popular responses children give for coming to school. • It is an outlet for reducing/lowering anxiety. • It provides an opportunity for solitary play. • Is an opportunity for different cultures to learn from each other. • It provides a chance for exploration & creativity. • It encourages children to interact cooperatively. • It provides the opportunity for an assessment of a child’s peer relationships. Physical activity is essential for the healthy growth & development of a child.

Safe Routes to School is a national movement to make it safe, convenient and fun for children to bicycle and walk to school. • • • Develops school teams of stakeholders Identifies safety hazards around schools Assesses parent and student opinions Makes recommendations to improve safety Educates students and parents on biking and walking safely • Promotes physical activity and good nutrition • Builds community awareness • Provides schools with easy-to-use toolkit www. saferoutesmichigan. org

MICHIGAN ACTION FOR HEALTHY KIDS The two main goals of MAFHK: 1. Ensure that healthy snacks and foods are provided in vending machines, school stores and other venues within the school’s control. 2. Provide all children, from pre-kindergarten through grade 12, with quality daily physical education that helps develop the knowledge, attitudes, skills, behaviors and confidence needed to be physically active for life.

Michigan Action For Healthy Kids • Physical Education & Physical Activity Toolkit • Nutrition Toolkit http: //www. actionforhealthykids. org/

How About the Staff? Ø Most miles club Ø Staff-student competitions Ø Team teacher miles Ø Walking clubs Ø Walking Meetings Heart at Work http: //216. 185. 102. 50/haw/LTALhome. html Michigan On the Move www. michiganonthemove. org

Resources • Fit Healthy and Ready to Learn • Health is Academic • http: //www. mihealthtools. org = Healthy Schools Action Tool (HSAT), School Resources, Community Resources • http: //www. udim. org = United Dairy Industry of Michigan – nutrition education resources • http: //www. emc. cmich. edu = MI Model Coordinators, Healthy Weight Paper, Healthy Kids Healthy Weight resource for families. • http: //www. michiganfitness. org = Walk to School Day, EPEC, physical activity resources • Super Size Me, available on DVD at most local video stores. Resources

Resources • http: //www. cdc. gov = school health index, obesity, coordinated school health programs, school health resources. . . • http: //www. tn. fcs. msue. msu. edu = Michigan Team Nutrition, grant opportunities • http: //www. fns. usda. gov/tn = Team Nutrition, USDA’s Changing The Scene kit • www. actionforhealthykids. org = Michigan Action For Healthy Kids • Pat Cooper, Superintendent of Mc. Comb, MISS • http: //www. aasa. org/publications/sa/2003_01/Cooper _ninefacets. htm

References 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Carol Hannaford, 1995, Smart Moves. Arlington, VA: Great Ocean Publishers Jensen, E. , 1998, p. 84, Teaching with the brain in mind. Arlington, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Shephard, R. J. , Volle, M. , Lavallee, H. , La. Barre, R. , Jequier, J. C. , & Rajic, M. (1984). Required physical activity and academic grades: A controlled longitudinal study. In Children and Sport, 58 -63. Symons, C. W. , Cinelli, B. , James, T. C. , & Groff, P. (1997). Bridging student health risks and academic achievement through comprehensive school health programs. Journal of School Health, 67(6), 220 -227. Kolbe L. J. , Green L. , Foreyt J. , et al. (1986). Appropriate functions of health education in schools: Improving health and cognitive performance. In N. Krairweger, J. Arasteli, M. Cataldo (eds), Child health behavior: A behavioral pediatrics perspective. New York, NY: John Wiley. Gardner, H. (1993). Multiple intelligences: The theory into practice. New York, NY: Basic Books. Greenfield, S. (1995). Journey to the centers of the mind. New York, NY: W. H. Freeman, Co. Inskeep (1926, p. 387) Mc. Cracken, Bane. (2002). Creating an Environment for Learning. The State Education Standard, Autumn 2002 Edition.

Trina Boyle-Holmes Physical Education Consultant Michigan Department of Education Phone: 517 -373 -4582 Email: boyle-holmest@michigan. gov

Six Michigan Action for Healthy Kids HSAT trainers are available to train districts to use HSAT Names of trainers: 1. Jill Oglesby-Dehlin, central region, jdehlin@comcast. net, 517 -3818383; 2. Charles Meeker, east central region, charlesmeeker@msn. com, 810 -982 -8492; 3. Donna Norkoli, northern, dnorkoli@dhd 2. org; 4. Ken Lampar, southeast region, K_lampar@yahoo. com, 586 -2474940; 5. Donna Hamilton, upper peninsula, dlha@care 2. com, 906 -293 -5979; 6. Guy Golomb, western, golombg@calhounisd. org, 269 -789 -2413.

Michigan State Board of Education Policies on School Health • • • Coordinated School Health Programs 9/2003 HIV/STD and Sex Education 9/2003 Physical Education 9/2003 Healthy Food Environment 12/2003 Safe Schools 4/2003 Character Education 6/2004 Health Education 6/2004 Tobacco Free 24/7 6/2005 Local Wellness Policy 11/2005

Healthy Kids Healthy Weight Tips for families with Kids of all Shapes and Sizes – A family information booklet has been completed by MDE and MDCH to deliver more useful information to parents and other family members. – Downloadable copies available at www. mihealthtools. org/schools or www. emc. cmich. edu/healthyweight

House Bill 4859 • Sponsors and Contact information: Mortimer, Leslie (R) 517 -373 -1775 lesliemortimer@house. mi. gov Ball, Richard (R) 517 -373 -0841 richardball@house. mi. gov Gaffney, Edward (R) 517 -373 -0154 edwardgaffney@house. mi. gov Leland, Gabe (D) 517 -373 -6990 gabeleland@house. mi. gov Wojno, Lisa (D) 517 -373 -2275 lisawojno@house. mi. gov