Phylum Arthropoda Periplaneta Cockroach Phylum ARTHROPODA Phylum Arthropoda

Phylum: Arthropoda Periplaneta (Cockroach)

Phylum: ARTHROPODA Phylum Arthropoda (Gr. , arthros, joint + podas, foot). Is the largest phylum of Animal Kingdom including about 95, 000 species inhabiting all habitats, which constitute about 80% 0 f all the known species of animals. General characters of Phylum Arthropoda 1. Organ-system level of body organization. 2. Body bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and metamerically segmented. 3. Appendages jointed, usually one pair to a somite & with varied functions. 4. Exoskeleton consists of dead chitinous cuticle. 5. Body divided in to head, thorax & abdomen. Head & thorax fused to form cephalothorax. 6. Digestive system complete with mouth and anus. Mouth parts adapted for various modes of feeding.

7. Circulatory system open type with a dorsal many chambered heart, arteries and haemocoel. 8. Respiration either by general body surface or by gills, tracheae or book-lungs. 9. Excretory organs are generally malphigian tubules. 10. Nervous system with dorsal brain, nerve ring connected to double ventral nerve cord. 11. Sense organs comprised of compound eyes, chemoand tactile receptors & balancing & auditory organs. 12. Sexes usually separate. Fertilization internal. Oviparous or viviparous. 13. Development direct or indirect. Parthenogenesis is common in some insects. 14. Parental care is well- marked.

Classification of Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum. I. Trilotomorpha (Fossil trilobites). Ex: Triarthus, Dalmanites. Subphylum. II. Chelicerata. Class 1. Merostomata. Subclass 1. Xiphosura. (Ex: Limulus (King Crab). Subclass 2. Eurypterida. (Ex: Pterygotus). Class 2. Arachnida Order 1. Scorpionida. (Ex: Buthus, Scorpion). Order 2. Pseudoscorpionida. (Ex: Chelifer, Microcreagris). Order 3. Araneae. (Ex: Lycosa, Agelena, Chaearanea (House Spider). Order 4. Solifugida (Ex. Galeodes). Order 5. Palpigradi (Ex. Koenenia).

Order 6. Pedipelpi. (Ex. Mastigiproctus). Order 7. Amblypygi. (Ex. Charinus). Order 8. Ricinulei. (Ex. Ricinoides). Order 9. Opioliones. (Ex. Phalangium). Order 10. Acarina. (Ex. Sarcoptes, Argas). Subphylum III. Mandibulata. Class 1. Crustacea. (Ex. Apus, Daphnia, Cypris, Cyclops, Lepas, Sacculina, Palaemon, Cancer. ). Class 2. Myriapoda. Class 3. Diplopoda. (Ex. Spirobolus, julus). Class 4. Chilopoda. (Ex. Scolopendra, Lithobius). Class 5 Insecta. Subclass 1. Apterygota. (Ex. Springtalis, Lepisma) Subclass 2. Pterygota.

Division I: Exopterygota. Order 1. Orthoptera. (Ex. Grasshoppers, Locust, Mantis. ) Order 2. Isoptera. (Ex. Termites). Order 3. Dermaptera. (Ex. Forficula). Order 4. Ephemeroptera. (Ex. Ephemera). Order 5. Odonata. (Ex. Dragon flies, Damsel flies) Order 6. Plecoptera. (Ex. Isoperla). Order 7. Psocoptera. (Ex. Book lice, Bark lice) Order 8. Mallophaga. (Ex. Bird lice, Biting lice of mammals). Order 9. Anoplura (Ex. Pediculus). Order 10. Thysanoptera. (Ex. Thrips). Order 11. Hemiptera. (Ex. Cimex, Ranatra). Order 12. Homoptera. (Aphids, Scale insects).

Division II. Endopterygota. Order 1. Neuroptera. (Ex. Crysopa). Order 2. Coleoptera. (Ex. Beetles). Order 3. Mecoptera. (Ex. Panorpa). Order 4. Trichoptera. ( Ex. Caddis flies ). Order 5. Lepidoptera. Ex. Butterflies, Moths). Order 6. Diptera (Ex. Culex, Anopheles, Drossophila). Order 7. Hymenoptera. (Ex. Apis, Vespa, Ants). Order 8. Siphonaptera. (Ex. Xenopsylla). Subphylum IV. Onychophora. (Ex. Peripatus).