Phylum Arthropoda 1 Jointed Appendages 2 Number of

Phylum Arthropoda 1

Jointed Appendages 2

Number of species Mollusca Chordata Platyhelminthes Nematoda Arthropoda Porifera Annelida Echinodermata Sarcomastigophora Apicomplex Ciliophora 3

Characteristics of Arthropods • • Jointed appendages Exoskeleton Segmented (metameric) tagmatation- fusion of segments to form body regions(head, thorax, abdomen; cephalothorax in some) • Open circulatory system Ecdysis- “an • Compound eyes escape” - growth • Bilateral symmetry by molting 4

Arthropods Most Successful Animals • • Number of species Diversity Distribution Longevity 5

Reasons for Success • Versatile exoskeleton • Segmentation • Oxygen piped directly to cells (terrestrial) • Highly developed sensory organs • Complex behavior • Metamorphosis 6

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Compound Eye 8

Metamorphosis: completeegg larva pupa adult incomplete- egg nymph adult 9

Monarch Butterfly Egg larva (caterpillar) pupa (in chrysalis) adult 10

Arthropod Groups • Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Class Trilobita- extinct trilobites • Subphylum Chelicerata Class Merostomata – horseshoe crabs Class Arachnida- spiders, mites, etc. • Subphylum Mandibulata Class Myriapoda- centipedes, millipedes Class Insecta- insects Class Crustacea- lobsters, crabs, etc. 11

Subphylum Trilobitomorpha • Class Trilobita. Trilobites • Successful for over 300 million years • Extinct 540 -200 MYA • One pair of antennae • appendages 12

Subphylum Chelicerata • • • Chelicerae( fangs) No antenna No mandibles 4 pair of walking legs 1 pair of pedipalps 13

Class Merostomata • Limulus (horseshoe crabs) – First fossils 445 MYA – Lived before dinosaurs • Segments-Carapace, abdomen and Telson • Blood used by pharmaceutical companies to test for endotoxins and pathogens • http: //shltrip. com/Horse 14

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pedipalps Walking legs Spines 16

10/16/2017 1. TURN IN horseshoe crab lab- it was due Friday! 2. “A Tale of Two Species” Horseshoe Crab Article w/ Guided Questions- Due Today BEFORE you leave 3. Class Arachnida Notes 4. Incredible World of Spiders Video w/ guided Questions 17

Class Arachnida • • • Spiders Scorpions Ticks Mites All Have book lungs 18

Class Arachnida • Chelicerae (fangs) 1 st pair of appendages around mouth- often with poison • 4 pair of walking legs • 2 body segments (cephalothorax + abdomen) – Except mites & ticks • Most are predators – Inject enzymes into prey – Suck fluid into pharynx 19

Arachnid Body Regions Prosoma or Cephalothorax Ophisthosoma or Abdomen 20

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Order Araneae • Spiders • Fangs with poison glands • Silk glands 22

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Dugesiella • Tarantula 26

Latrodectus mactans • Black widow spider • Neurotoxin 27

Loxosceles reclusa • Fiddle back spider – Brown recluse – Brown – Violin • Necrotoxin 28

Loxosceles reclusa • Necrosis of tissue 29

Day 3 30

Day 4 31

Day 5 32

Day 6 33

Day 9 34

Day 10 35

Order Acari • Ticks • Mites • Full tagmatation-all Body segments fused 36

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever • • • Ticks are vector High fever Headache Muscle pain Rash – BEGINS ON EXTREMETIES • 25% fatal without antibiotics 37

Dermacentor variabilis Dog tick Dermacentor andersoni Wood tick 38

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Dermatophagoides • Dust mite • Allergies to fecal products • 1 gram of dust holds 250, 000 droppings 40

Trombicula • Chigger mite • Larva feed on skin • Dermatitis 41

Order Opiliones • One body segment • Short fangs • Myth- not most venomous • Daddy- long legs, harvestmen, opilioids • http: //spiders. ucr. e du/daddylonglegs. 42 html

Arthropod Groups • Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Class Trilobita- extinct trilobites • Subphylum Chelicerata Class Merostomata – horseshoe crabs Class Arachnida- spiders, mites, etc. • Subphylum Mandibulata Class Myriapoda- centipedes, millipedes Class Insecta- insects Class Crustacea- lobsters, crabs, etc. 43

Subphylum Mandibulata Class Myriapoda centipedes and millipedes Class Insecta most diverse animal class flies, beetles, ants, etc. Class Crustacea crabs, lobster, barnacles, copepod 44

Subphylum Mandibulata • Two pair of antennae (anterior to feeding appendages) • Third segment bear mandibles (jaws for chewing or grinding) • Compound eye 45

Class Myriapoda • “many appendages” • Fewer than 10 to hundreds of appendages • Millipedes (mostly herbivorous + plain in color) • Centipedes ( colorful, carnivorous) 46

Class Insecta • Most biodiverse class of animals • Only invert. s that can fly • Distinctive head, thorax, abdomen(3 body regions • Typically –three pair of legs (6) • Have metamorphosis • Oxygen goes directly into cells via spiracles 47

Checkpoint 1. Why is phylum Arthropoda divided into subphyla? 2. Which subphylum contains extinct species that were successful over 300 million years? 3. Which subphylum consumes food using fangs? _____ using mandibles? 4. What class do spiders belong to? What do they use to consume food? How many body segments do they have? 5. Which class do ants belong to? What do they use to consume food? How many body segments do they have? 6. Myriapods have many ______. What is the difference between a centipede and a millipede? . 48

Class Crustacea • Biramous appendagesseparate into two rays • 3 pairs modified as mouth parts • gills • Naupliar larval stage • Crabs, copepods, crayfish, barnacles, lobster, shrimp, pill bugs 49

Class Crustacea: Pill Bug • Only crustacean that is entirely terrestrial • “rollie pollies” 50

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Copepod 53

Barnacle Cirri Testis Anus Penis Mouth Stomach Ovary Cement gland 54

Fig. 19. 24 a 55

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Crayfish 57

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1. Gonopods 2. Opening of vas deferens(duct for sperm release) 3. Opening of oviduct 4. Seminal receptacle (opening used to accept sperm for fertilization) 60

Fig. 19. 5 61

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Fig. 19. 7 63

The End 64