Phylogeny Evolutionary history of a species AP Biology

Phylogeny § Evolutionary history of a species AP Biology

Taxonomy § Classification of organisms § Binomial nomenclature u Genus species § Ex. Panthera leo Homo sapiens § Taxons u AP Biology DKPCOFGS

Phylogenetic Tree § Purpose is to show lines of descent § Does not reflect absolute age § Cannot assume neighboring taxons evolved from one another AP Biology

AP Biology

Daily Warm-up January 30 th Percy Jackson and Annabeth are trying to figure out what a griffin’s proper scientific name would be. What would they be looking for? Please make a scientific name up using the correct format AP Biology

How Phylogenetic Trees are Created 1. Molecular u DNA 2. Morphological u Physical appearance and structures § Ex. Homologous structures § Need to be able to distinguish from analogous structures- these do not reflect evolutionary relationships AP Biology

Cladistics and Cladograms § Type of phylogenetic tree u AP Biology Places members into groups (clades) based on homologies

Characters (traits) § Shared ancestral character u Backbone in mammals § Found in ancestor § Shared derived trait u Mammary glands § Unique trait to mammals AP Biology

Making a Clade § Use an outgroup u AP Biology Diverged before line of species of interest (ingroup)

Timing in Phylogenetic Trees § Some trees can indicate evolutionary change and time AP Biology

Time AP Biology