Photosynthesis Respiration Photosynthesis 1 Photosynthesis A process by

Photosynthesis & Respiration

Photosynthesis

1. Photosynthesis A process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into food energy (sugar), oxygen and water.

2. CHLOROPLAST A cell organelle containing chlorophyll where photosynthesis takes place.

3. CHLOROPHYLL A green molecule which uses light energy from sunlight to change water and carbon dioxide gas into sugar and oxygen

4. Photosynthesis Equation H 2 O + CO 2 + light O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 Water+ Carbon + sun Dioxide Oxygen + glucose (sugar)

5. The chlorophyll absorbs the sunlight. Chlorophyll is the green pigment inside the chloroplasts of plant cells that makes leaves green!

6. Chlorophyll then uses sunlight to change water, carbon dioxide and, nutrients from the soil. CO 2

7. The chlorophyll processes the ingredients to make sugar (plant food) and oxygen. O 2 Sugar + O 2

But, what about animals ? 8. Animals make the CO 2 plants need Plants make the O 2 animals need

Respiration

9. RESPIRATION The process by which the chemical energy of "food" molecules is released and changed into ATP.

10. MITOCHONDRIA Organelles which convert the energy stored in glucose into ATP for the cell.

11. Respiration Equation O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 H 20 + CO 2 + ATP Oxygen + glucose (sugar) water + carbon + energy dioxide Do you notice something about this equation?

Animals & Plants Rely On Each Other 12. Animals use: a. Sugar (from producers/plants) b. Oxygen (from producers/plants) 13. Plants use: a. Carbon dioxide (from animals)

14. The mitochondria change the O 2 and sugars (food) O 2 O 2 O 2

Into CO 2, H 2 O, and ATP

Comparing Equations Photosynthesis Equation: H 2 O + CO 2 + light O 2 + glucose Respiration Equation: O 2 + glucose H 2 O + CO 2 + ATP 15. They are opposites of each other!

Interdependence!

Two Kinds of Respiration

16. Aerobic Respiration Uses OXYGEN to release energy from food Makes glucose 36 ATP from one

17. Anaerobic Respiration Glucose is broken down when there is NO OXYGEN Makes 2 ATP from one glucose

18. Chemosynthesis No Light at the bottom of the ocean so living things use inorganic compounds to make food. Tube Worms

Review HSA Questions 1. Plants grow in various environments. Some plants, like mangroves, grow in salty wetlands. Mangroves have specialized structures that prevent salt from entering their cells. Other mangroves have specialized glands that can excrete excess salt. Which organelle in mangrove cells converts solar energy into useable energy? a. nucleus b. ribosome c. chloroplast d. mitochondrion

Answer 1. Plants grow in various environments. Some plants, like mangroves, grow in salty wetlands. Mangroves have specialized structures that prevent salt from entering their cells. Other mangroves have specialized glands that can excrete excess salt. Which organelle in mangrove cells converts solar energy into useable energy? a. nucleus b. ribosome c. chloroplast d. mitochondrion

Review Question 2. In the eukaryote, which of these organelles are used to make sugars? a. flagella b. ribosomes c. mitochondria d. chloroplasts

Answer 2. In the eukaryote, which of these organelles are used to make sugars? a. flagella b. ribosomes c. mitochondria d. chloroplasts

Review Question Animal cells contain an organelle that helps release energy. A diagram of this organelle is shown below. 3. What is the organelle described? a. chloroplast b. mitochondrion c. nucleus d. ribosome

Answer Animal cells contain an organelle that helps release energy. A diagram of this organelle is shown below. 3. What is the organelle described? a. chloroplast b. mitochondrion c. nucleus d. ribosome

Review Question 4. Cyanide is a poison that prevents mitochondria from using oxygen. As a result, the mitochondria cannot produce a. lipids. b. sugar. c. minerals. d. energy.

Answer 4. Cyanide is a poison that prevents mitochondria from using oxygen. As a result, the mitochondria cannot produce a. lipids. b. sugar. c. minerals. d. energy.

Review Question 5. Which of these statements about photosynthesis and respiration is true? a. Both processes produce food. b. Both processes release energy from food. c. Photosynthesis produces oxygen; respiration does not. d. Photosynthesis produces carbon dioxide; respiration does not

Review Question 6. Which of the following pairs of materials is required for a cell to carry on cellular respiration? a. water and oxygen b. glucose and oxygen c. water and carbon dioxide d. glucose and carbon dioxide

Answer 6. Which of the following pairs of materials is required for a cell to carry on cellular respiration? a. water and oxygen b. glucose and oxygen c. water and carbon dioxide d. glucose and carbon dioxide

Review Question A group of students measured the volume of air they exhaled during three different activities: sitting, walking, and running. The volume of exhaled air is directly related to the amount of carbon dioxide produced. The data the students collected are summarized in the graph below. 7. According to the data, as physical activity increases, the amount of carbon dioxide produced a. decreases b. increases c. remains constant d. decreases, then increases

Answer A group of students measured the volume of air they exhaled during three different activities: sitting, walking, and running. The volume of exhaled air is directly related to the amount of carbon dioxide produced. The data the students collected are summarized in the graph below. 7. According to the data, as physical activity increases, the amount of carbon dioxide produced a. decreases b. increases c. remains constant d. decreases, then increases

Question Elodea, a freshwater plant, releases gas bubbles when it is placed in direct light. In an investigation, a student placed a lamp at different distances from an aquarium containing Elodea. The student counted the number of bubbles produced by the Elodea plant. His data are shown in the table below. 8. The bubbles released by Elodea contain mostly a. oxygen. b. carbon dioxide. c. nitrogen. d. water vapor.

Answer Elodea, a freshwater plant, releases gas bubbles when it is placed in direct light. In an investigation, a student placed a lamp at different distances from an aquarium containing Elodea. The student counted the number of bubbles produced by the Elodea plant. His data are shown in the table below. 8. The bubbles released by Elodea contain mostly a. oxygen. b. carbon dioxide. c. nitrogen. d. water vapor.

Question 9. Some bacteria live in habitats without light. They produce their own food using inorganic substances from the environment. Which of these terms best describes this process? a. photosynthesis b. cellular respiration c. binary fission d. chemosynthesis

Answer 9. Some bacteria live in habitats without light. They produce their own food using inorganic substances from the environment. Which of these terms best describes this process? a. photosynthesis b. cellular respiration c. binary fission d. chemosynthesis