Photosynthesis Process plants utilise to produce their own

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Photosynthesis • Process plants utilise to produce their own food • Take in: water

Photosynthesis • Process plants utilise to produce their own food • Take in: water and carbon dioxide • Produce: oxygen and glucose carbon dioxide + water 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O (light energy) (chlorophyll) glucose + oxygen C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2

But how does it all happen? First: look at the leaf structure. . .

But how does it all happen? First: look at the leaf structure. . .

cuticle upper epidermis palisade mesophyll spongy mesophyll xylem air pocket phloem lower epidermis stoma

cuticle upper epidermis palisade mesophyll spongy mesophyll xylem air pocket phloem lower epidermis stoma guard cell

C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 Light-dependent reaction: -light energy

C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 Light-dependent reaction: -light energy converted to chemical energy -water split into oxygen and hydrogen (chlorophyll) sun 2 O ligh t H+ H 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O (light energy) C 6 H 12 O 6 CO 2 Light-independent reaction: hydrogen from water and carbon dioxide react to form glucose

How do plants use glucose? • Convert into cellulose for growth • Convert to

How do plants use glucose? • Convert into cellulose for growth • Convert to other sugars to transport to other parts of the plant • To produce oils and proteins • Convert to starch for temporary storage in the leaf (on sunny days when photosynthesis rate is very high) • Convert back into energy via respiration

carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen = respiration!

carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen = respiration!

What determines the rate of a plant’s respiration and photosynthesis? Conditions Photosynthesis v respiration

What determines the rate of a plant’s respiration and photosynthesis? Conditions Photosynthesis v respiration Overall result Dark Respiration No photosynthesis Oxygen taken in Carbon dioxide given out Dim light Photosynthesis rate equals respiration rate Neither gas is taken in or given out as each cancels the other out Bright light Photosynthesis rate greater than respiration rate Carbon dioxide taken in Oxygen given out