Photosynthesis Chapter 6 Equation for Photosynthesis n n

Equation for Photosynthesis n n 6 CO 2+6 H 2 O→C 6 H 12

How organisms obtain energy n Organisms are classified into two groups based on how

Obtaining energy n n Consuming energy involves a series of reactions referred to as

Reactants and Products n CO 2+H 2 O→C 6 H 12 O 6+O 2

Photosynthesis n n Plants convert sun energy into food. The part of plants which

Structures of the chloroplasts n Inner membrane n Outer membrane n Thylakoid

Photosynthesis n Photosynthesis is split into two reactions n Light reactions- Use light energy

Photosynthesis n n n Photosynthesis begins with the absorption of light. This can be

Light reactions n n n Photosynthesis begins with the initial set of reactions called

Light Reactions n During light reactions H 2 O is split into H+ and

ATP n ATP is an energy storage molecule which will later be used to

Light Reaction Summary n Light energy is used to split H 20 n Oxygen

Dark Reactions n n n The second set of reactions is known as the

Calvin Cycle n n The Calvin cycle performs carbon fixation Carbon fixation is the

Calvin cycle n n The Calvin cycle occurs inside the stroma of the chloroplast

Rate of photosynthesis n Three main factors that influence rate of photosynthesis n n

Dark Reaction n The dark reactions use the energy of ATP from the light

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Photosynthesis Chapter 6

Equation for Photosynthesis n n 6 CO 2+6 H 2 O→C 6 H 12 O 6+6 O 2 Carbon dioxide + water + light → sugar + oxygen

How organisms obtain energy n Organisms are classified into two groups based on how they obtain energy. n n Autotrophs-create their own food Heterotrophs-Obtain energy by eating other heterotrophs or by eating autotrophs

Obtaining energy n n Consuming energy involves a series of reactions referred to as a biochemical pathway. Biochemical pathway- is a series of reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactions for the next

Reactants and Products n CO 2+H 2 O→C 6 H 12 O 6+O 2 (reactants) (products)

Photosynthesis n n Plants convert sun energy into food. The part of plants which make this happen is called the chloroplast.

Chloroplast

Structures of the chloroplasts n Inner membrane n Outer membrane n Thylakoid

Photosynthesis n Photosynthesis is split into two reactions n Light reactions- Use light energy to make ATP n n Use H 20 and Light gives of O 2 Dark reactions- Use ATP to make sugar n Use CO 2 and ATP to make sugar

Photosynthesis n n n Photosynthesis begins with the absorption of light. This can be done through pigments Chlorophyll is a green pigment which absorbs light.

Light reactions n n n Photosynthesis begins with the initial set of reactions called light reactions These reactions begin with absorption of light by the chloroplasts though pigments. All light reactions occur in the Thylakoid

Light Reactions n During light reactions H 2 O is split into H+ and O 2 n The H+ (protons) are used to make ATP n The O 2 (oxygen) is released.

Electron Transport Chain

Light Reaction Summary

ATP n ATP is an energy storage molecule which will later be used to make sugar.

Light Reaction Summary n Light energy is used to split H 20 n Oxygen is released n Protons are used to make ATP

Dark Reactions

Dark Reactions n n n The second set of reactions is known as the dark reactions The dark reactions take place in the stroma of the chloroplast This biochemical pathway is called the Calvin cycle

Calvin Cycle n n The Calvin cycle performs carbon fixation Carbon fixation is the process of taking carbon from CO 2 and putting them together in the form of organic compounds

Calvin cycle n n The Calvin cycle occurs inside the stroma of the chloroplast The Calvin cycle occurs in three main steps

Calvin Cycle

Rate of photosynthesis n Three main factors that influence rate of photosynthesis n n n CO 2 (saturation) Temperature Light Intensity (Turn to page 120)

Dark Reaction n The dark reactions use the energy of ATP from the light reactions to make sugars. CO 2 is used with the energy of ATP to make sugars The sugars are then used by the cells for energy.