Photosynthesis Autotrophs Organisms that have the ability to
Photosynthesis
Autotrophs • Organisms that have the ability to produce their own food (sugars) • AKA Producers • Include All Plants, Some Protists, and Bacteria • The process that uses the sun’s energy to make simple sugars (food) is called photosynthesis
Heterotrophs • Organisms that do not make their own food • AKA Consumers • Include All animals, All fungi, Some protists, and Some bacteria
What is the equation for photosynthesis? CO 2 + H 2 O→C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
The Chloroplast
What are the reactants for photosynthesis? • Carbon dioxide and water
What are the products of photosynthesis? • Glucose and Oxygen
Examples of Photosynthetic Organisms • All Plants, Some Protists, and Some Bacteria (use chlorophyll in cytoplasm)
The chloroplast and the pigments • Remember the chloroplast is the cell organelle where photosynthesis occurs. • The chloroplasts contain thylakoid membranes (and stroma). • These membranes trap energy from the sun through their pigments (mainly chlorophyll), which are molecules that absorb specific wavelengths of sunlight.
• Chlorophyll is the most common type of pigment, and absorbs most wavelengths of light except…GREEN! This wavelength is reflected. • This is why plants appear green.
Light Spectrum
Absorbance of Plants
What about the fall? • In the fall, because the leaves stop producing chlorophyll, other pigments become visible.
Cellular Respiration
Respiration Equation C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 H 2 O + CO 2 + ATP LOOK FAMILIAR? ? H 2 O + CO 2 + ATP C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration • The process by which mitochondria break down food molecules (glucose) to produce ATP is called cellular respiration.
Mitochondrion
Reactants for Respiration • Glucose and Oxygen
Products of Respiration • ATP (energy), carbon dioxide, and water vapor
Examples of Respiratory Organisms • All Eukaryotes, Including Plants!!!!
What is the energy source made in respiration? • ATP (Adenosine Tri-phosphate) • The energy is released when the bonds between the phosphates are broken!
What if there's no oxygen? . . . Anaerobic Respiration “an” = without Aerobic = oxygen • • • 1. Well then…fermentation takes place. Here no ATP is made. There are two types: Lactic Acid Fermentation (animals) – lactic acid is formed as an end product (muscle cells) 2. Alcoholic Fermentation (plants & fungi) – Ethyl Alcohol and carbon dioxide are produced. (yeast cells)
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