Photosynthesis and Organic Molecule 5 1 a The

Photosynthesis and Organic Molecule

• 5. 1 a The energy for life comes primarily from the Sun. Photosynthesis provides a vital connection between the Sun and the energy needs of living systems. • 5. 1 b Plant cells and some one-celled organisms contain chloroplasts, the site of photosynthesis. The process of photosynthesis uses solar energy to combine the inorganic molecules carbon dioxide and water into energy-rich organic compounds (e. g. , glucose) and release oxygen to the environment.

The Sun: • The sun provides solar, or light energy to producers in ecosystems. • Photosynthesis is the process that connects the abiotic (sun) to the biotic (plants) • The sun supports the energy needs of ecosystems • During photosynthesis, plants use light energy to convert inorganic compounds into chemical energy in the form of glucose

• The inorganic, raw materials used for photosynthesis are H 2 O and CO 2. • Plants get water from the ground and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

• With light energy, plants convert these inorganic reactants into the organic product, glucose. • Plants release oxygen into the atmosphere

Organic Molecules • Organic molecules have BOTH carbon and hydrogen in them. • Organic molecules store chemical energy in the bonds between their atoms. • When organic molecules are broken down during cellular respiration, the energy is released to make ATP

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. H 2 O Ca. H 2 Cl 4 C 6 H 12 O 6 H 2 O 2 Na. Cl C 4 H 12 P 5 CO 2 8. CH 4 9. C 12 N 6 O 19 10. C 1000 H 2000 O 1000

• Photosynthesis uses light energy to convert raw, inorganic materials from the environment into glucose, an energy-rich compound.

• Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast. An organelle found ONLY in plants

Photosynthesis WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE ---> GLUCOSE + OXYGEN

Photosynthesis WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE ---> GLUCOSE + OXYGEN H 2 O + CO 2 ----> C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2

Photosynthesis WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE ---> GLUCOSE + OXYGEN H 2 O + INORGANIC CO 2 INORGANIC ----> C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 ORGANIC INORGANIC

• Leaves have very small openings where gas exchange occurs. • Carbon dioxide comes into the plant, and oxygen goes out. • These openings are called stomata

• Water can also escape through the stomata pores • If too much water is lost, the stomata must close. • Guard cells are responsible for opening and closing the openings.

• The guards cells open and close to maintain homeostasis in the plant cells. • This is an example of a feedback mechanism. • A feedback mechanism is one change that leads to a response. • Too much water lost = guard cells close the stomata • Water level in homeostasis = guard cells open the stomata

DID YOU LEARN? ? ?

• Is sun abiotic or biotic? • The sun directly provides energy to…. ? • What are the raw materials used for photosynthesis? • What are the products of photosynthesis?

• • • What is the organic product of photosynthesis? What is an organic molecule? What type of energy do organic molecule store? How can this energy be released? Why isn’t water organic? • In which organelle does photosynthesis take place?

• • What are the opening in leaves called? What is the purpose of these openings? What gases are exchanged through the opening? What else leaves the openings?

• What opens and closes the stomata?

• When do the guard cells close the stomata? • When do the guard cells open the stomata? • This is an example of a……

• Why is glucose an “energy rich” molecule? • In what organelle does photosynthesis take place? ? !