Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Life from Light and

Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration: Life from Light and Air Regents Biology 2006 -2007

Where do we get energy? § Energy is stored in organic molecules carbohydrates, fats, proteins Animals eat these organic molecules food u digest food to get u § § fuels for energy (ATP) § raw materials for building more molecules w carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids Regents Biology ATP

Energy cycle sun Photosynthesis plants CO 2 glucose H 2 O animals, plants Cellular Respiration ATP Regents Biology O 2

How are they connected? Respiration glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energy dioxide C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + ATP Photosynthesis carbon sun + water + glucose + oxygen energy dioxide 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + light C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 energy Regents Biology

Energy needs of life § All life needs a constant input of energy u Animals = Heterotrophs § get their energy from “eating others” w eat food = other organisms = organic molecules § make energy through respiration u Plants = Autotrophs § get their energy from “self” w get their energy from sunlight w build organic molecules (food) from CO 2 § make energy through photosynthesis Regents Biology

How do plants make energy & food? § Plants use the energy from the sun to make ATP energy u to make sugars u § glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more sun ATP sugars Regents Biology

Photosynthesis sun energy building reactions ATP ADP sugar building reactions Regents Biology CO 2 sugar

Using light & air to grow plants § Photosynthesis u u using sun energy to make ATP using carbon dioxide & water to make sugar in chloroplast allows plants to grows makes a waste product § oxygen (ATP) carbon sun + water + energy glucose + oxygen dioxide 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + sun �C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 energy Regents Biology

Building plants from sunlight & air § Photosynthesis 2 separate processes u energy building reactions sun u § collect sun energy § use it to make ATP u ATP sugar building reactions § take the ATP energy § collect CO 2 from air & H 2 O from ground § use all to build sugars carbon dioxide water + HO CO Regents Biology 2 2 H 2 O + CO 2 sugars C 6 H 12 O 6 sugars

What do plants need to grow? § The “factory” for making energy & sugars u sun chloroplast § Fuels CO 2 sunlight u carbon dioxide u water u § The Helpers u enzymes Regents Biology H 2 O ATP enzymes sugars

So what does a plant need? § Bring In leaves CO 2 u H 2 O u light u shoot § Let Out u O 2 § Move Around u roots sugars 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + light C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 Regents Biology energy

How do plants live? § Photosynthesis u Energy building reactions § collect sun energy § make ATP u Sugar building reactions § use ATP for energy § use CO 2 as carbon for new sugars § build sugars w glucose, cellulose, starch § build all other organic molecules w proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, DNA § store energy for future use w starch in seeds & roots Regents Biology

Chloroplasts Leaf absorb sunlight & CO 2 Chloroplasts in cell Chloroplast Regents Biology Chloroplasts contain Chlorophyll make energy & sugar