PHOTOSYNTHESI S AND RESPIRATION Essential Question How is

PHOTOSYNTHESI S AND RESPIRATION Essential Question: How is energy acquired and used by organisms?

Accessing Prior Knowledge!!! On a sticky note write a thoughtful answer to the following question. Write about what you know at this moment—before the lesson. --Explain how ALL cells capture and release energy Place your answer in the folder with the comfort level that you think matches yours.

ATP and why it is important ■ ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a molecule that transfers energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell processes. ■ Can you remember a cell process that we have discussed that uses ATP? ■ When a phosphate group is removed ATP becomes ADP (adenosine Diphosphate) and energy is released. ADP is a lower energy molecule and can be converted into ATP by adding a phosphate. ■ Digestion is a way that you body breaks down food into different molecules that help to produce ATP. ■ Plants also need ATP but do not eat food—they use the process of photosynthesis to Make sugar (glucose) which the plant then breaks down to make ATP

Overview of Respiration and Photosynthesis ■ Respiration: Releases chemical energy from sugars and other carbon based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present. ■ Happens in Mitochondria ■ Photosynthesis: is the process that captures energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy ■ Happens in the Chloroplast

Cellular Respiration in Detail ■ Plants use photosynthesis to make their own food. Animals eat other organisms as food. But food is not a direct source of energy. Instead plants and animals must break down these molecules from food to form _______? ? ? ■ Cellular respiration releases chemical energy from sugars and other carbon based molecules. ■ Mitochondria can not directly make ATP from food. First foods are broken down into other molecules such as GLUCOSE. Then glucose is broken down (split) during a process called Glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm and is needed for cellular respiration to occur. ■ Cellular respiration is Aerobic—This means it needs OXYGEN to be able to occur

Anaerobic Respiration ■ Our cells can store enough oxygen to power cellular respiration during normal activities. But what happens when you work hard or exercise hard? Your body needs more energy to keep going. ■ Fermentation, also known as anaerobic respiration, allows glycolysis to continue even when you are working hard…thereby helping to power cellular respiration even when oxygen is not present.