PHONETICS PART II CONSONANTS Dr SARLA VERMA drsarlavermarediffmail

PHONETICS PART II CONSONANTS Dr. SARLA VERMA dr_sarlaverma@rediffmail. com

Organs of Speech Dr. Sarla Verma 2

Consonants as per point of articulation • Labial • Labio-dental • Dental • Alveolar : at the alveolar ridge, behind the teeth • Post-alveolar/palato-alveolar/alveo-palatal • Retroflex (/r/ only) • Palatal (/j/or/y/, ñ) • Velar • Laryngeal Dr. Sarla Verma 3

Dr. Sarla Verma 4

Obstruents /Consonants - 25 • • • 6 stops/ plosives 2 affricates 9 fricatives 4 nasals 2 liquids 2 glides/semi-vowels Dr. Sarla Verma 5

Consonants Plosives/Stop voice/place/manner Examples /p/ voiceless-bilabial-plosive pet, tap, apart, post, repeat /b/ voiced-bilabial-plosive bat, hub, barber butter, cab Dr. Sarla Verma 6

Consonants Plosives/Stop voice/place/manner /t/ voiceless-alveolar-plosive /d/ voiced-alveolar-plosive Examples tap, time, pet, attack, teach date, read, adept glad Dr. Sarla Verma 7

Consonants Plosives/ Stops voice/place/manner examples /k/ voiceless-velar-plosive /g/ voiced-velar-plosive Dr. Sarla Verma • case, king, tank, hawker scholar • game, bag, begin, argue 8

Consonants: Fricatives voice/place/manner examples /f/ voiceless-labio-dental /v/ voiced-labio-dental Dr. Sarla Verma • fall, life, rough physical • veil, live, violin vacant, vase 9

Consonants: Fricatives voice/place/manner examples /θ/ voiceless-dental • thin, athlete, myth thank, therapy, think /ð/ voiced-dental • this, bathe, weather although, smooth /h/ voiceless-glottal • help, behind, higher hair, ahead, help Dr. Sarla Verma 10

Consonants: Fricatives voice/place/manner examples /s/ voiceless-alveolar • soft, assign, mess recess, assess /z/ voiced-alveolar • zoo, zenith, dozen nose, rose, zeal / ʃ/ (IPA) voiceless-palato-alveolar /ǯ/ /š/ (American) • sharp, cash, nation share, push voiced-palato-alveolar /ž/ (American) • (IPA) Dr. Sarla Verma vision, occasion, azure, pleasure 11

Consonants: Affricates voice/place/manner /tʃ/ (IPA) examples voiceless-palato-alveolar • cheap, hatch, picture /č/ (American) /ʤ/ voiced-palatoalveolar /ǰ/ (American) (IPA) • jump, judge, ajar, adjourn, giant, jam, jacket, June Dr. Sarla Verma 12

Nasal consonants voice/place/manner examples /m/ voiced-bilabial-nasal • map, him, calm, common /n/ voiced-alveolar-nasal • knot, tin, canal /ñ/ voiced-uvular-nasal • canyon, onion, banyan /η/ voiced-velar-nasal • sing, finger, singing Dr. Sarla Verma 13

Consonants: Liquids voice/place/manner examples /l/ voiced-alveolar-lateral • large, dull, claim, bottle lonely, tell /r/ • red, jar, parrot , rain, carry, voiced-post-alveolarfrictionless continuant Dr. Sarla Verma 14

Glides semi-consonants /semi-vowels voice/place/manner /j/ (IPA) examples voiced-unrounded-palatal /y/(American) /w/ voiced-rounded-labio-velar Dr. Sarla Verma • You, yes, yellow, yesterday , young • wall, wow, cow wonder, wind, wear, want, watch, what 15

RECAPITULATE- 25 CONSONANTS • • • 6 stops/ plosives 2 affricates 9 fricatives 4 nasals 2 liquids 2 glides/semi-vowels Dr. Sarla Verma 16

CONSONANTS Plosives/Stops 6 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ voiceless-bilabial-plosive voiced-bilabial-plosive voiceless-alveolar-plosive voiced-alveolar-plosive voiceless-velar-plosive voiced-velar-plosive Dr. Sarla Verma 17

CONSONANTS Fricatives 9 /f/ /v/ /θ/ /ð/ /s/ /z/ voiceless-labio-dental voiced-labio-dental voiceless-dental voiced-dental voiceless-alveolar voiced-alveolar / ʃ/ (IPA) voiceless-palato-alveolar /š/ (American) /ǯ/ (IPA) voiced-palato-alveolar /ž/ (American) /h/ voiceless-glottal Dr. Sarla Verma 18

Consonants- Affricates 2 • /tʃ/ (IPA) voiceless-palato-alveolar /č/ (American) • /ʤ/ (IPA) voiced-palato-alveolar /ǰ/ (American) Dr. Sarla Verma 19

Nasal consonants 3 /m/ /n/ /ñ/ /η/ voiced-bilabial-nasal voiced-alveolar-nasal voiced-uvular-nasal voiced-velar-nasal Dr. Sarla Verma 20

Consonants: Liquids /l/ voiced-alveolar-lateral /r/ voiced-post-alveolar-frictionless continuant Dr. Sarla Verma 21

Glides semi-consonants /semi-vowels /j/(IPA) voiced-unrounded-palatal /y/(American) /w/ voiced-rounded-labio-velar Dr. Sarla Verma 22

Vowels (articulation) Dr. Sarla Verma 23

REVISION- (20+24) 44 sounds Dr. Sarla Verma 24

Phonemic Transcriptions word car /ka: / exactly certainly word /sɜ: tnlɪ/ /ɪgzæktlɪ/ message /mesɪʤ/ headache /hedeɪk/ scheduled /ʃedju: ld/ don’t corridor oh idea survive OK /dəʊnt/ /kɒrɪdɔ: / /əʊ/ Dr. Sarla Verma /ɑɪdɪə/ səvɑɪv/ /əʊkeɪ/ 25

Identify the following sounds and give three examples for each sound vowels • • consonants /ɔ: / and /ɑ: / /ɒ/or /ɔ/ /i/ /ɪ/ /i: / /ʊ/ /u: / /ʌ/ /ə: /or /ɜ: / /e/ and /æ/ /ɔɪ/ and /aɪ/ • • Dr. Sarla Verma /θ/ and /ð / /Ʒ/ and /tʃ/ /j/ /dƷ/ /z/ /ʃ/ and /s/ /v/ and /w/ /n/, /η/ and /ñ/ 26

PRACTICE EXERCISE Give examples of sounds • / ð/ • • • /ʃ/ /ə/ /ʤ/ /æ/ /j/ /əʊ/ /θ/ /ʒ/ /eɪ/ Transcribe: • Zenith • English • Relation • Language • Knowledge • Social • Thanks • Receive • Revision • identity Dr. Sarla Verma 27

ANSWERS • • • Zenith English Relation Language Knowledge Social Thanks Receive Revision Identity / zen ɪθ / / ɪ ηgl ɪʃ / / rɪleɪʃ ən/ / længwɪʤ / / nɔl ɪ ʤ / / səʊ ʃ ə l / / θæηks / / r ɪ si: v / / r ɪvɪ ǯ ə n / / ɑɪdentɪti / Dr. Sarla Verma 28

PRACTICE SPEAKING (LOUD) fast vast worst Judge , jug , jury Zoom, zebra, zeal occasion, revision Mission vision decision church search shark veil fail wail hot what vase sign shine chimes Bottle, singer onion Wine , water vine fine Dr. Sarla Verma 29

THANKS Dr. Sarla Verma 9826297033 , 8839216118(whats app) dr_sarlaverma@rediffmail. com