Phoenicians Element Describe early trading networks in the
Phoenicians • Element: Describe early trading networks in the Eastern Mediterranean to include the impact Phoenicians had on the Mediterranean World. • Vocabulary: Phoenicians
Activator Using one of the ancient writing systems, write your first name.
Phoenicians- Location • modern day Lebanon • Accomplishments: o city-states o trade network o writing system
City-States • never unified politically but wealthy • people were connected by culture (common language, writing, and trade practices) • ports 30 miles apart (the length you could sail in a day) • had to conquer every Phoenician city-state because they were independent
City-States • colonies along North Africa, Spain, Sicily & Sardinia • Carthage: o greatest colony o set-up by the people of Tyre about 814 BCE • Important trade centers: o Byblos traded papyrus o Tyre produced and traded red-purple dye o Sidon produced and traded red-purple dye
Trade Networks • known for ship building and seafarers • controlled trade throughout the Mediterranean Sea and into the Atlantic Ocean • first Mediterranean people to go out past the Straight of Gibraltar • connected cultures throughout the region • traded what they retrieved from other lands o o o wine weapons precious metals ivory slaves
Writing • Element: Explain the development and importance of writing to include cuneiform, hieroglyphics, and the Phoenician alphabet. • Vocabulary: Cuneiform, hieroglyphics, Phoenician alphabet, papyrus
Cuneiform: Development • created by Sumerians • wedge-shaped • form of pictograph = the use of pictures that represent a word or phrase • used a reed stylus to make wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets, which were then baked in the sun
Cuneiform: Importance • used to keep records and to pass on knowledge • allowed people to communicate in new ways • The Epic of Gilgamesh is an important Mesopotamian epic poem
Hieroglyphics: Development • • • created by Egypt around 3000 B. C. “sacred carvings” form of pictograph =used pictures and abstract forms written on temple walls and tombs hieratic script - a simplified version, written on papyrus
Hieroglyphics: Importance • used for: o business transactions o the general needs of everyday life
Phoenician Alphabet: Development • developed by the Phoenicians • form of phonetics = used symbols to represent sounds
Phoenician Alphabet: Importance • introduced writing systems to trade partners • influenced the Greeks to use this system of writing as well
Assignment • Working in small groups, you will complete the Development of written Language Activity.
Summarizer • How did the development of writing impact Sumerian, Egyptian, and Phoenician societies?
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