Philosophy of Ministry Copyright 2018 Ronald M Rothenberg

Philosophy of Ministry Copyright © 2018 Ronald M. Rothenberg, Ph. D. All rights reserved. Not to be distributed or reproduced without permission of the author. ronaldmrothenberg. com rmrothenberg@outlook. com

Philosophy of Ministry Philosophy of ministry is a biblically based, but rationally organized system of understanding the nature and practice of ministry. Identifying various elements or areas of ministry. Defining the purpose/function of ministry elements. Defining the relationship between ministry elements. Organize the elements of ministry to make disciples in order to fulfill the local church’s vision.

Philosophy of Ministry Identifying various elements or areas of ministry. Worship Music, Preaching, Lord’s Supper, Baptism, Child Dedication, Children’s Sermon, Fellowship Sunday School Small Groups Evangelism & Discipleship Special Events Fundraising Social Ethics Prayer Church Discipline Weddings, Funerals, Premarital Counseling Leadership

Philosophy of Ministry Identifying various elements or areas of ministry. General Areas Worship Specific Issues Music, Preaching, Lord’s Supper, Baptism, Child Dedication, Children’s Sermon, Fellowship Sunday School Small Groups Evangelism & Discipleship Special Events Fundraising Social Ethics Prayer Church Discipline Weddings, Funerals, Premarital Counseling Leadership Due to time, just cover the general areas for a broad picture and can cover questions on specific issues as needed.

Traditional Elements of Ministry: Diagram Key A Main focus of Christian development. B D = Unbeliever access. = Believer focused. = Dual access/focus. A B Fellowship Worship Sunday School Fact-Encourage Fact-Exp. Encourage Factual Train Leaders Support Accountability B Live the Faith Develop Leaders Deploy Leaders Develop Leaders D Evangelism & Discipleship D A Small Groups Special Events Fact-Experience Encourage Experience Accountability Develop Leaders Live the Faith Train Leaders Support Accountability Live the Faith Deploy Leaders Live the Faith

Traditional Elements of Ministry: Diagram Key A Main focus of Christian development. B D A B Fellowship Fact. Encourage Worship Support Live the Faith D D Small Groups Encourage Train Leaders Support Evangelism & Discipleship Fact-Experience Develop Leaders Fact-Exp. Encourage = Unbeliever access. = Believer focused. = Dual access/focus. B Sunday School Factual Deploy Leaders A Special Events Experience Deploy Leaders Identifying various elements or areas of ministry. Elements of ministry are changeable. Functions/purposes are interchangeable. Functions/purposes must be conserved w/ change.

Traditional Elements of Ministry: Diagram Key A Main focus of Christian development. B D A B Fellowship Worship For example, many contemporary churches no Fact-Exp. Fact-Encourage longer have a traditional Sunday School. This is Encourage not. Train a problem Leadersif the education functions are Live the Faith moved Support elsewhere, typically to Small. Develop Groups or Accountability Special Events like short term workshops Leaders or conferences. The problem is many times they are D moved and instead are lost. D not Small Evangelism & Discipleship Groups = Unbeliever access. = Believer focused. = Dual access/focus. B Sunday School Factual Deploy Leaders Develop Leaders A Special Events Fact-Experience Encourage Experience Accountability Develop Leaders Live the Faith Train Leaders Support Accountability Live the Faith Deploy Leaders Live the Faith

Traditional Elements of Ministry: Diagram Key A Main focus of Christian development. B D A B Fellowship Fact. Encourage Worship Support Live the Faith D D Small Groups Encourage Train Leaders Support Evangelism & Discipleship Fact-Experience Develop Leaders Fact-Exp. Encourage = Unbeliever access. = Believer focused. = Dual access/focus. B Sunday School Factual Deploy Leaders A Special Events Experience Deploy Leaders Identifying various elements or areas of ministry. Elements of ministry are changeable. Functions/purposes are interchangeable. The Bible and circumstances limit the change.

Traditional Elements of Ministry: Diagram Key A Main focus of Christian development. B D = Unbeliever access. = Believer focused. = Dual access/focus. A B Fellowship Worship Sunday School Fact-Encourage Fact-Exp. Encourage Factual Train Leaders Support Accountability Live the Faith Develop Leaders D D For. Evangelism example, & many contemporary. Small churches are running their worship service as an evangelistic Discipleship Groups special event. However, by biblical definition Sunday Fact-Experience Encourage worship is for believers not the lost (Acts 20: 7; 1 Cor. Train Leaders Accountability 11: 26, Develop 29). Believers can worship at another Support time, but Leaders Live Faith churches they do Accountability in most ofthethese not due to lack of Live the Faith resources and/or understanding. B Deploy Leaders Develop Leaders A Special Events Experience Deploy Leaders Live the Faith

Traditional Elements of Ministry: Diagram Key A Main focus of Christian development. B D A B Fellowship Fact. Encourage Worship Support Live the Faith D D Small Groups Encourage Train Leaders Support Evangelism & Discipleship Fact-Experience Develop Leaders Fact-Exp. Encourage = Unbeliever access. = Believer focused. = Dual access/focus. B Sunday School Factual Deploy Leaders A Special Events Experience Deploy Leaders Identifying various elements or areas of ministry. Elements of ministry are changeable. Functions/purposes are interchangeable. Functions/purposes may be multiple, but limited.

Traditional Elements of Ministry: Diagram Key A Main focus of Christian development. B D A B Fellowship Worship = Unbeliever access. = Believer focused. = Dual access/focus. For example, many contemporary SBC churches are Fact-Exp. Fact-Encourage still running a traditional Sunday School, but expect Encourage Train Leaders it to do everything. They explicitly expect Sunday Live the Faith School to. Support function as: a prayer meeting, fellowship Develop Accountability Leaders time, support group, Bible study, and Christian education time. Practically, these purposes need to D to different elements to D be distributed be effective. Small Evangelism & Discipleship Groups B Sunday School Factual Deploy Leaders Develop Leaders A Special Events Fact-Experience Encourage Experience Accountability Develop Leaders Live the Faith Train Leaders Support Accountability Live the Faith Deploy Leaders Live the Faith

Philosophy of Ministry Identifying various elements or areas of ministry. Defining the purpose/function of ministry elements. Defining the relationship between ministry elements. The function of and relationship between the various ministry elements are related issues so we will cover them together with some emphasis on relationship and then on function.

Paul: Acts 19: 8 -9 Lecture Hall of Tyrannus, not church, evangelism not worship. Biblical Ministry Flow Chart Mass Evangelism Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Paul: Acts 19: 8 -9 Lecture Hall of Tyrannus, not church, evangelism not worship. Biblical Ministry Flow Chart Mass Evangelism Individual Evangelism Apollos: Acts 18: 26 Aquila & Priscilla explain the Gospel in their home. Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Biblical Ministry Flow Chart Paul: Acts 19: 8 -9 Paul: Acts 19: 10 2 year time implies unbelievers eventually incorporated into church. Mass Evangelism House Church (Worship/ Small Group) Individual Evangelism Apollos: Acts 18: 26 Apollos: Acts 18: 27 Sent to church at Achaia/Corinth. Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Biblical Ministry Flow Chart Paul: Acts 19: 8 -9 The various ministry Paul: Acts 19: 10 elements work together to make disciples (Matt. 28: 19). Mass Evangelism House Church (Worship/ Small Group) Service Leadership Individual Evangelism Apollos: Acts 18: 27 Apollos: Acts 18: 26 Apollos: Ac. 18: 27 -28 Serves & leads at Achaia/Corinth. Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Disciple-Making Process m. 2: 2 “ 2 And the things you have heard me say in the presence of many witnesses entrust to reliable men who will also be qualified to teach others. ” Step Scripture Process Come & See Jn. 1: 39 Teaching Description Tell them what Tell them why Example Evangelistic Events Fellowship Groups Small Groups Church Activities Jn. 1: 39 “ 39 ‘Come, ’ he replied, ‘and you will see’” [NIV 1984]. Adapted from: Bill Hull, The Disciple-Making Pastor: Leading Others on the Journey of Faith, Revised and Expanded; Kindle ed. (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007).

Come & See Jn. 1: 39 Mass Evangelism Individual Evangelism Disciple-making Process with Biblical Ministry Flow Chart Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Disciple-Making Process m. 2: 2 “ 2 And the things you have heard me say in the presence of many witnesses entrust to reliable men who will also be qualified to teach others. ” Step Scripture Process Come & See Jn. 1: 39 Teaching Come & Follow Me Mt. 4: 18 -22 Mk. 1: 16 -20 Training Description Tell them what Tell them why Example Evangelistic Events Fellowship Groups Small Groups Church Activities Show them how Do it with them One-on-one Discipleship Evangelism Small Group Discipleship Sunday School Sun Worship Mt. 4: 19 “ 19 ‘Come, follow me, ’ Jesus said, ‘and I will make you fishers of men’” [NIV 1984]. Adapted from: Bill Hull, The Disciple-Making Pastor: Leading Others on the Journey of Faith, Revised and Expanded; Kindle ed. (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007).

Come & See Jn. 1: 39 Come & Follow Mt. 4: 18 -22 Mass Evangelism House Church (Worship/ Small Group) Individual Evangelism Disciple-making Process with Biblical Ministry Flow Chart Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Disciple-Making Process m. 2: 2 “ 2 And the things you have heard me say in the presence of many witnesses entrust to reliable men who will also be qualified to teach others. ” Step Scripture Process Come & See Jn. 1: 39 Teaching Come & Follow Me Mt. 4: 18 -22 Mk. 1: 16 -20 Come & Mk. 3: 13 -15 Be with Me Training Trying Description Tell them what Tell them why Example Evangelistic Events Fellowship Groups Small Groups Church Activities Show them how Do it with them One-on-one Discipleship Evangelism Small Group Discipleship Sunday School Sun Worship Small Group Training Let them do it Learning to: Confront To Delegate & Lead To Shepherd Mk. 3: 13 -14 “ 13 Jesus went up on a mountainside and called to him those he wanted, and they came to him. 14 He appointed twelve—designating them apostles—that they might be with him and that he might send them out to preach 15 and to have authority to drive out demons. ” [NIV 1984]. Adapted from: Bill Hull, The Disciple-Making Pastor: Leading Others on the Journey of Faith, Revised and Expanded; Kindle ed. (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007).

Come & See Jn. 1: 39 Come & Be Mk. 3: 13 -15 Come & Follow Mt. 4: 18 -22 Mass Evangelism House Church (Worship/ Small Group) Individual Evangelism Service Disciple-making Process with Biblical Ministry Flow Chart Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Disciple-Making Process m. 2: 2 “ 2 And the things you have heard me say in the presence of many witnesses entrust to reliable men who will also be qualified to teach others. ” Step Scripture Process Description Example Tell them Evangelistic Events Come & See Jn. 1: 39 Teaching what Fellowship Groups 7 Jn. 15: 7 -8 “ If you remain in me and my Tell words remain in you, ask. Groups Small them whatever you wish, and it will be given you. 8 This is to my Father’s glory, Church Activities why that you bear much fruit, showing yourselves to be my disciples. ” One-on-one Discipleship Show them Come & Mt. 4: 18 -22 [NIV 1984]. Evangelism Training Small Group Discipleship how Follow Me Mk. 1: 16 -20 Sunday School Do it with Sun Worship them Small Group Training Come & Mk. 3: 13 -15 Trying Let them do it Learning to: Confront Be with Me To Delegate & Lead To Shepherd Remain in Me Jn. 15: 7 -8 Leading Deploy them Lay leaders/staff Elders/Deacons Community Outreach Missionaries Church Planters Adapted from: Bill Hull, The Disciple-Making Pastor: Leading Others on the Journey of Faith, Revised and Expanded; Kindle ed. (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007).

Come & See Jn. 1: 39 Come & Be Mk. 3: 13 -15 Come & Follow Mt. 4: 18 -22 Remain in Me Jn. 15: 7 -8 Mass Evangelism House Church (Worship/ Small Group) Individual Evangelism Service Leadership Disciple-making Process with Biblical Ministry Flow Chart Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Eph. 4: 11– 16; 2 Tim. 2: 2: Equipping & Edification Flow of New Trainable Leaders Pastor Christ Flow of Accountability Leading: Trained Leaders on some Board or Committee Teaching & Training: One-on-one Discipleship Small Group Discipleship Pastor/Leaders’ Discipleship Groups Flow of Training and Edification Teaching, Training, & Trying: Worship, Sunday School, Small Groups, One-on-one Discipleship Congregation Teaching, Training, Trying, & Leading: Personal Relationships Community Outreach (Special Events) Community Flow of New Believers Evangelism

Contemporary Ministry Flow Chart New Comer /Member Classes Special Events Fellowship Groups Individual Evangelism Worship Service Sunday School Service Small Groups Leadership Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Jr. High Sr. High College/ Career Adults Sunday School Fellowship In Titus 2: 1– 8, Titus is given instructions regarding what to teach various groups according to their age.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Jr. High Sr. High College/ Career Adults Sunday School Fellowship In Exod. 12: 24– 27; Deut. 6: 6, God commanded that parents (the community) teach children his commands regarding living (ethics and worship) and the historical events that serve as the basis of those commands. Consequently, in CM … One goal is to lay a basic Bible knowledge and ethical foundation to prepare children for the Jr. High program. This goal does not include preserving culture/language. This goal does not include producing children’s presentations to entertain parents.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Jr. High Sunday School Fellowship Sr. High In Exod. 12: 24– 27; Deut. 6: 6, God commanded that parents (the community) teach children his commands regarding living (ethics and worship) and the historical events that serve as the basis of those commands. Consequently, in CM … College/ Career Another goal is a strong focus on understanding the Gospel and evangelism. Adults Because most believers receive Christ before age 18.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Jr. High Sunday School • Bible Stories • Basic Christian Morals • Scripture Memory – Know Scriptures relating to basic doctrines and Christian Living. • Evangelism Fellowship • Awana: In part because it is focused on Scripture memory and because it is very organized. In Exod. 12: 24– 27; Deut. 6: 6, God commanded that parents (the community) teach children his commands regarding living (ethics and worship) and the historical events that serve as the basis of those commands. Consequently, in CM … College/ Career One goal is to lay a basic Bible knowledge and ethical foundation to prepare children for the Jr. High program. Adults Another goal is a strong focus on understanding the Gospel and evangelism.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Jr. High Sr. High College/ Career Adults Sunday School • Bible Stories • Basic Christian Morals • Scripture Memory – Know Scriptures relating to basic doctrines and Christian Living. • Evangelism Fellowship • Awana: In part because it is focused on Scripture memory and because it is very organized. In Exod. 12: 24– 27; Deut. 6: 6, God commanded that parents (the community) teach children his commands regarding living (ethics and worship) and the historical events that serve as the basis of those commands. Consequently, in CM … Knowing the basic Bible stories, ethics, and the Gospel will prepare children to get a deeper, but still broad overview of the Bible through survey classes in Jr. High.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Jr. High Sunday School Fellowship In Matt. 28: 20, Jesus commanded that disciples be taught everything he commanded. Consequently, in Sunday School … The focus is on basic foundations of the faith. What we believe and why. College/ Career Adults The goal is to learn the basic knowledge necessary to apply God’s Word to real life or live the faith in Fellowship and the world.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Sunday School Fellowship • Bible Stories • Basic Christian Morals • Scripture Memory – Know Scriptures relating to basic doctrines and Christian Living. • Evangelism Jr. High • Bible Survey: OT Survey Inter-testamental Period NT Survey Sr. High • Systematic Theology • Apologetics • Christian Ethics College/ Career • Systematic Theology • Apologetics • Christian Ethics Adults • Theology: Systematic, Biblical, Historical • Apologetics & Hermeneutics • Christian Ethics • Church History • Any Appropriate Topics/Lessons • Awana: In part because it is focused on Scripture Memory and because it is very organized. Bible survey will help students know the Bible well enough to study it systematically.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Sunday School Fellowship • Bible Stories • Basic Christian Morals • Scripture Memory – Know Scriptures relating to basic doctrines and Christian Living. • Evangelism Jr. High • Bible Survey: OT Survey Inter-testamental Period NT Survey Sr. High • Systematic Theology • Apologetics • Christian Ethics College/ Career • Systematic Theology • Apologetics • Christian Ethics Adults • Theology: Systematic, Biblical, Historical • Apologetics & Hermeneutics • Christian Ethics • Church History • Any Appropriate Topics/Lessons • Awana: In part because it is focused on Scripture Memory and because it is very organized. If students do not have a foundation in theology and apologetics before college, they will not retain their faith in a secular educational system intentionally designed to take it from them.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Sunday School Fellowship • Bible Stories • Basic Christian Morals • Scripture Memory – Know Scriptures relating to basic doctrines and Christian Living. • Evangelism Jr. High • Bible Survey: OT Survey Inter-testamental Period NT Survey Sr. High • Systematic Theology • Apologetics • Christian Ethics College/ Career • Systematic Theology • Apologetics • Christian Ethics Adults • Theology: Systematic, Biblical, Historical • Apologetics & Hermeneutics • Christian Ethics • Church History • Any Appropriate Topics/Lessons • Awana: In part because it is focused on Scripture Memory and because it is very organized. College students need to review or be introduced to theology and apologetics to persevere in the faith.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Sunday School Fellowship • Bible Stories • Basic Christian Morals • Scripture Memory – Know Scriptures relating to basic doctrines and Christian Living. • Evangelism Jr. High • Bible Survey: OT Survey Inter-testamental Period NT Survey Sr. High • Systematic Theology • Apologetics • Christian Ethics College/ Career • Systematic Theology • Apologetics • Christian Ethics Adults • Theology: Systematic, Biblical, Historical • Apologetics & Hermeneutics • Christian Ethics • Church History • Any Appropriate Topics/Lessons • Awana: In part because it is focused on Scripture Memory and because it is very organized. Adults are at various stages and may need earlier tiers of education, review, or deeper study of subjects, etc.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Jr. High Sunday School Fellowship In Acts 2: 42– 47, teaching and fellowship are connected with the implicit relationship made explicit in 2 Tim. 3: 16– 17 that what one believes about Scripture results in how one lives. Consequently, in Fellowship… The focus is on the integration of faith and life. College/ Career Adults The goal of Fellowship is to build on the foundation of knowledge obtained in Sunday School to help believers to apply the principles from God’s word to real life.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Sunday School Fellowship • Bible Stories • Basic Christian Morals • Scripture Memory – Know Scriptures relating to basic doctrines and Christian Living. • Evangelism • Awana: In part because it is focused on Scripture Memory and because it is very organized. Jr. High • Bible Survey: OT Survey Inter-testamental Period NT Survey • Christian Basics – What and How To • Self-identity • Peer Pressure • Relationships Sr. High • Systematic Theology • Apologetics • Christian Ethics • Christian Basics – What, How To, Motivational • Self-identity • Spiritual Gifts • Service • Bible Study • Transition to College/ Career Adults Fellowship study is topical based on issues encountered • Systematic Theology at each life stage. • Apologetics • Christian Ethics • Theology: Systematic, Biblical, Historical • Apologetics & Hermeneutics • Christian Ethics • Church History • Any Appropriate Topics/Lessons • Christian Basics – What, How To, Motivational • Transition to Working • Leadership • Inductive Bible Study • Marriage • Parenting • Stewardship • Mid-life Crisis • Retirement • Inductive Bible Study or other.

Age Group Children’s Ministry Sunday School Fellowship • Bible Stories • Basic Christian Morals • Scripture Memory – Know Scriptures relating to basic doctrines and Christian Living. • Evangelism • Awana: In part because it is focused on Scripture Memory and because it is very organized. Jr. High • Bible Survey: OT Survey Inter-testamental Period NT Survey • Christian Basics – What and How To • Self-identity • Peer Pressure • Relationships Sr. High • Systematic Theology • Apologetics • Christian Ethics • Christian Basics – What, How To, Motivational • Self-identity • Spiritual Gifts • Service • Bible Study • Transition to College Special attention is needed to transition Sr. Highers to college, college students to • Systematic Theology College/ working world, and • the Apologetics • Christian Ethics Career adults through various life stages. • Theology: Systematic, Biblical, Historical Adults • Apologetics & Hermeneutics • Christian Ethics • Church History • Any Appropriate Topics/Lessons • Christian Basics – What, How To, Motivational • Transition to Working • Leadership • Inductive Bible Study • Marriage • Parenting • Stewardship • Mid-life Crisis • Retirement • Inductive Bible Study or other.

Traditional Contemporary Ministry Flow Chart New Comer /Member Classes Special Events Fellowship Groups Individual Evangelism Worship Service Sunday School Service Small Groups In a contemporary church, some elements are renamed from NT times and some new elements appear to carry out old ministry functions. Leadership Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Traditional Contemporary Ministry Flow Chart New Comer /Member Classes Special Events Fellowship Groups Individual Evangelism Worship Service Sunday School Service Small Groups Leadership Many contemporary churches are running their worship service as an evangelistic special event. Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Seeker Sensitive/Attractional Ministry Flow Chart Special Events Worship Service Sunday School Fellowship Small Groups Service Individual Evangelism Leadership What is the biblical function of the worship service? Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Models of Worship Origin Purpose Music Seeker- • Charles Finney (1792– Sensitive 1875) • Bill Hybels, Willow Creek, IL (1975) • Rick Warren, Saddleback, CA (1980) Blended Believer Sources: Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. [Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012], 65– 68, 76); Robert Webber, “Blended Worship, ” in Exploring the Worship Spectrum, ed. Paul E. Engle and Steve B. Cowan (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004), in Logos Library System [CD-ROM], 173– 91.

During the Second Great Awakening (1790 -1835), he popularized the “Altar Call” invented by Methodist evangelist, Lorenzo Dow. Charles G. Finney Congregationalist Theologian Father of Modern Revivalism (1792– 1875) Lorenzo Dow American Methodist Evangelist Inventor of the “Altar Call” (1777– 1834) 1846 1835 Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. (Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012), 65– 68, 76); Cross, F. L. , and Elizabeth A. Livingstone, eds. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), s. v. “Finney, Charles Grandison”; Rosell, G. M. “Finney, Charles Grandison. ” J. D. Douglas and Philip W. Comfort, eds. in Who’s Who in Christian History (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1992), 247– 48.

Introduced the pragmatic concept that the purpose of preaching is for evangelism, which was most recently perpetuated and popularized as the idea that all worship is evangelism by: Jack Hayford Charles G. Finney Congregationalist Theologian Father of Modern Revivalism (1792– 1875) (1934 b. ) Pentecostal (Foursquare) Pastor at The Church on the Way in San Fernando Valley, CA (1969– 1999) Sally Morgenthaler 1846 1835 Christian Feminist and Social Engineer Restructuring Worship, Church Leadership, and Gender Roles Adjunct Professor at Yale & Fuller 1998 Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. (Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012), 65– 68, 76); Cross, F. L. , and Elizabeth A. Livingstone, eds. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), s. v. “Finney, Charles Grandison”; Rosell, G. M. “Finney, Charles Grandison. ” J. D. Douglas and Philip W. Comfort, eds. in Who’s Who in Christian History (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1992), 247– 48.

Popularized the “Altar Call” invented by Methodist evangelist, Lorenzo Dow. Charles G. Finney Congregationalist Theologian Father of Modern Revivalism (1792– 1875) Introduced the pragmatic concept that the purpose of preaching is for evangelism. Restructured traditional church services as revival meetings. Father of the seeker-sensitive service. 1846 1835 Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. (Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012), 65– 68, 76); Cross, F. L. , and Elizabeth A. Livingstone, eds. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), s. v. “Finney, Charles Grandison”; Rosell, G. M. “Finney, Charles Grandison. ” J. D. Douglas and Philip W. Comfort, eds. in Who’s Who in Christian History (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1992), 247– 48.

Bill Hybels (1951 b. ) Pastor of Willow Creek Community Church in South Barrington, Illinois “Nothing we have done has been more effective in bringing people to Christ or more widely misunderstood by the Christian community than our seeker services. That’s surprised us, because our approach isn’t very different from what Billy Graham has done with nearly universal blessing for the last several decades [206]. …Our approaches may differ somewhat, but our driving values are identical. ” Bill Hybels and Lynne Hybels, Rediscovering Church: The Story and Vision of Willow Creek Community Church , Kindle ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1995), 206– 07.

Rick Warren (1954 b. ) Pastor of Saddleback Church in Lake Forest, California “Evangelistic services are nothing new; only the idea of using the Sunday morning time slot for an evangelistic service is a recent variation. ” Rick Warren, The Purpose Driven Church: Growth without Compromising Your Message and Mission , Kindle ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1995), 246.

Models of Worship Origin Purpose Music Seeker- • Charles Finney (1792– Sensitive 1875) • Evangelism • Bill Hybels, Willow Creek, IL (1975) • Rick Warren, Saddleback, CA (1980) • Comfort of Unbelievers Blended Believer Sources: Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. [Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012], 65– 68, 76); Robert Webber, “Blended Worship, ” in Exploring the Worship Spectrum, ed. Paul E. Engle and Steve B. Cowan (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004), in Logos Library System [CD-ROM], 173– 91.

Bill Hybels (1951 b. ) Pastor of Willow Creek Community Church in South Barrington, Illinois “The entire experience is designed to put him [the seeker] at ease and allow him to be receptive to the message … The music performed is upbeat and contemporary. The seeker is invited to participate in one chorus during the service. The remaining musical selections, designed to minister to the unbeliever, are … performed by members of the vocal team, orchestra, or band. ” Willow Creek Community Church Leaders, “ 170 ♦ Seeker’s Sensistive/Believer’s Worship, ” in The Renewal of Sunday Worship, ed. Robert E. Webber, The Complete Library of Christian Worship (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993), 126; cp. Bill Hybels and Lynne Hybels, Rediscovering Church: The Story and Vision of Willow Creek Community Church , Kindle ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1995), 33, 36, 41, 206, 244– 45.

Models of Worship Origin Purpose Seeker- • Charles Finney (1792– Sensitive 1875) • Evangelism • Bill Hybels, Willow Creek, IL (1975) • Rick Warren, Saddleback, CA (1980) • Comfort of Unbelievers Music • Contemporary Christian Music • Entertainment • Passive Blended Believer Sources: Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. [Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012], 65– 68, 76); Robert Webber, “Blended Worship, ” in Exploring the Worship Spectrum, ed. Paul E. Engle and Steve B. Cowan (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004), in Logos Library System [CD-ROM], 173– 91.

Bill Hybels (1951 b. ) Pastor of Willow Creek Community Church in South Barrington, Illinois “The entire experience is designed to put him [the seeker] at ease and allow him to be receptive to the message … The music performed is upbeat and contemporary. The seeker is invited to participate in one chorus during the service. The remaining musical selections, designed to minister to the unbeliever, are … performed by members of the vocal team, orchestra, or band. ” Willow Creek Community Church Leaders, “ 170 ♦ Seeker’s Sensistive/Believer’s Worship, ” in The Renewal of Sunday Worship, ed. Robert E. Webber, The Complete Library of Christian Worship (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993), 126; cp. Bill Hybels and Lynne Hybels, Rediscovering Church: The Story and Vision of Willow Creek Community Church , Kindle ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1995), 33, 36, 41, 206, 244– 45.

Rick Warren (1954 b. ) Pastor of Saddleback Church in Lake Forest, California “There is no standard way to design a seeker service. This is because unbelievers are not all alike! Some want a service that makes them feel a part of it; others want to sit passively and watch. ” Rick Warren, The Purpose Driven Church: Growth without Compromising Your Message and Mission , Kindle ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1995), 246– 47.

Models of Worship Origin Purpose Seeker- • Charles Finney (1792– Sensitive 1875) • Evangelism • Bill Hybels, Willow Creek, IL (1975) • Rick Warren, Saddleback, CA (1980) Blended • Comfort of Unbelievers Music • Contemporary Christian Music • Entertainment • Passive • Maranatha! Music • CEO Chuck Fromm & Robert Webber • Maranatha! Workshop, Irvine, CA (1987) Believer Sources: Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. [Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012], 65– 68, 76); Robert Webber, “Blended Worship, ” in Exploring the Worship Spectrum, ed. Paul E. Engle and Steve B. Cowan (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004), in Logos Library System [CD-ROM], 173– 91.

Founded 1971 Calvary Chapel, Costa Mesa, CA Chuck Fromm Robert Webber CEO (1974– 1999) American Worship Nephew of Theologian-Historian Chuck Smith (1933– 2007) 1987 “Maranatha! sponsored a national workshop that met in Irvine, California, for the specific purpose of. . . blended worship. . . the blending of hymns and choruses. . . the converging of. . . the liturgical renewal with the contemporary concern for the immediacy of the Spirit and a genuine experience with God. ” Robert Webber, “Blended Worship, ” in Exploring the Worship Spectrum, ed. Paul E. Engle and Steve B. Cowan, Zondervan Counterpoints Collection (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2004), 179.

Models of Worship Origin Purpose Seeker- • Charles Finney (1792– Sensitive 1875) • Evangelism • Bill Hybels, Willow Creek, IL (1975) • Rick Warren, Saddleback, CA (1980) Blended Believer • Maranatha! Music • CEO Chuck Fromm & Robert Webber • Maranatha! Workshop, Irvine, CA (1987) • Every Christian tradition prior to the Seeker-Sensitive & Blended Models • Comfort of Unbelievers • Evangelism & Edification • Believers & Unbelievers Music • Contemporary Christian Music • Entertainment • Passive • Choruses & Hymns • Entertainment & Worship • Active & Passive Sources: Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. [Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012], 65– 68, 76); Robert Webber, “Blended Worship, ” in Exploring the Worship Spectrum, ed. Paul E. Engle and Steve B. Cowan (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004), in Logos Library System [CD-ROM], 173– 91.

Model Seeker. Sensitive Models of Worship Origin Purpose Music By biblical definition Sunday worship is for believers not the lost (Acts 20: 7; 1 Cor. 11: 26, 29). In Acts 20: 7, the church met on the first day of the week. Blended In Acts 20: 7, the church met to worship by participating in the Lord’s Supper, which 1 Cor. 11: 26, 29 indicates is only for believers. By definition a “worship service” contains two things that believers render to God and unbelievers do not: worship and service (Rom. 12: 1). Believer • Every Christian tradition prior to the Seeker-Sensitive & Blended Models Sources: Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. [Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012], 65– 68, 76); Robert Webber, “Blended Worship, ” in Exploring the Worship Spectrum, ed. Paul E. Engle and Steve B. Cowan (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004), in Logos Library System [CD-ROM], 173– 91.

Model Seeker. Sensitive Blended Models of Worship Origin Purpose Music Sunday can be used for evangelism rather than worship, but there are three issues. First, this practice is not the example of the early church by which we ordered our ministry elements (Acts, 18– 20). Second, most churches lack the resources and/or understanding to have two weekly meetings: one for evangelism and one for worship. Believer • Every Christian tradition prior to the Seeker-Sensitive & Blended Models Sources: Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. [Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012], 65– 68, 76); Robert Webber, “Blended Worship, ” in Exploring the Worship Spectrum, ed. Paul E. Engle and Steve B. Cowan (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004), in Logos Library System [CD-ROM], 173– 91.

Model Seeker. Sensitive Blended Believer Models of Worship Origin Purpose Music Sunday can be used for evangelism rather than worship, but there are three issues. Evangelism is more effective when the congregation is active in sharing their faith individually and for there to be scheduled Sunday meetings for preaching the Gospel on the published annual sermon calendar. • Every Christian tradition prior to the Seeker-Sensitive & Blended Models Sources: Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. [Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012], 65– 68, 76); Robert Webber, “Blended Worship, ” in Exploring the Worship Spectrum, ed. Paul E. Engle and Steve B. Cowan (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004), in Logos Library System [CD-ROM], 173– 91.

Models of Worship Origin Purpose Seeker- • Charles Finney (1792– Sensitive 1875) • Evangelism • Bill Hybels, Willow Creek, IL (1975) • Rick Warren, Saddleback, CA (1980) Blended Believer • Maranatha! Music • CEO Chuck Fromm & Robert Webber • Maranatha! Workshop, Irvine, CA (1987) • Every Christian tradition prior to the Seeker-Sensitive & Blended Models • Comfort of Unbelievers Music • Contemporary Christian Music • Entertainment • Passive • Evangelism & Edification • Believers & Unbelievers • Choruses & Hymns • Entertainment & Worship • Active & Passive • Worship. Edification of Believers • Choruses or Hymns • Worship • Active Sources: Frank Viola and George Barna, Pagan Christianity? : Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices, Kindle ed. [Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2012], 65– 68, 76); Robert Webber, “Blended Worship, ” in Exploring the Worship Spectrum, ed. Paul E. Engle and Steve B. Cowan (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004), in Logos Library System [CD-ROM], 173– 91.

Contemporary Ministry Flow Chart New Comer /Member Classes Special Events Fellowship Groups Individual Evangelism Worship Service Sunday School Service Small Groups By biblical definition Sunday worship is for believers not the lost (Acts 20: 7; 1 Cor. 11: 26, 29) and consequently ministry flows as shown in this diagram. Leadership Adapted from: Robert E. Logan and Steven L. Ogne, The Church Planter's Toolkit: A Self-Study Resource Kit for Church Planters and Those Who Supervise Them (Alta Loma, CA: CRM, 1994), 3– 23.

Philosophy of Ministry Philosophy of ministry is a biblically based, but rationally organized system of understanding the nature and practice of ministry. Identifying various elements or areas of ministry. Defining the purpose/function of ministry elements. Defining the relationship between ministry elements. Organize the elements of ministry to make disciples in order to fulfill the local church’s vision.

Organize the elements of ministry to make disciples in order to fulfill the local church’s vision. Traditional Elements of Ministry: Diagram Key A Main focus of Christian development. A B Fellowship Fact. Encourage Worship Support Live the Faith B Sunday School Factual Fact-Exp. Encourage Deploy Leaders D D D Small Groups Encourage Train Leaders Support Evangelism & Discipleship Fact-Experience Develop Leaders New Comer /Member Classes Special Events Worship Service Sunday School Fellowship Groups Individual Evangelism B = Unbeliever access. = Believer focused. = Dual access/focus. Small Groups Service Leadership A Special Events Experience Deploy Leaders