Philosophy love of wisdom BERYL FI SHER Have

Philosophy "love of wisdom " BERYL FI SHER

Have you ever thought about any philosophical questions?

Meaning of life Where is life from Where is life going What is time What is death What happens when I am dying? What happens after I die? Will the world continue? Is life a TV show just for me? Is there destiny? Do fish have feeling? How about tables? How about love, hate, hunger, anger, good and evil, are they persons? Beings? What are numbers? Where is 1. can you find a one, not 1 apple, just 1, in the world?

People think, rethink, and think some more Ancient Chinese: • Ancient Buddhists: • white horse is not horse; • it’s not the wind, not the flag, it’s your heart that is moving; Tibetan sandpainting

Thales of Miletus– water Greek philosophy Natural philosophy Fire Air Metaphysics study destiny

Seeing is believing or Seeing is conceiving Cen t Gre ral que ek p stio n hilo sop s of hy • Are you a pile of cells? Does it define you? • Do you see with your eyes? Or your mind? i. e. “ 5” • Can you see the truth? i. e. a flying arrow. • Can you trust words? i. e. The wind is cold. • Is there anything as a being? With no start, no end, unique, and never change?

Sophism • Protagoras and his students Democritus (center) and Protagoras (right) 17 th-century painting by Salvator Rosa in Hermitage Museum

Socrates saved the day, before getting himself killed… Socrates lead the conversation to talking about: human, moral, the true, the good and the beautiful. And he invented dialectic.

Socrates was annoying… • First: Tell me what happened to him? • Second: why did the Athenians killed him? because they hate him! • Why do they hate him?

Why Socrates was annoying? • Socrates’ story about he is the only wise man in world. • Socrates is against Olympics • Socrates is against main stream religious belief. • Different attitude toward death. • Against democracy, approves philosopher king– himself!

Plato and his Cave • Plato opened the world of concepts • Evil is not knowing the good • Education is the way • Allegory of the Cave • Philosopher king

Aristotle and his organon • Premise: humans are mammals. ------true • Premise: Aristotle is human. ---------true • Conclusion: Aristotle is a mammal. Logic is valid, so: The argument is sound. The conclusion must be true.

• Premise #1: everything living in the sea is fish. • Premise #2: whales live in the sea. • Conclusion: whales are fish. The premises are true/false The logic is valid/not valid The argument is sound/not sound. How about the conclusion?

• Premise #1: everything living in the sea is fish. • Premise #2: sharks live in the sea. • Conclusion: sharks are fish. The premises are true/false The logic is valid/not valid The argument is sound/not sound. How about the conclusion?

• Premise #1: fish live in water. • Premise #2: sharks live in water. • Conclusion: whales are fish. The premises are true/false The logic is valid/not valid The argument is sound/not sound. How about the conclusion?

• Premise #1: fish live in water. • Premise #2: sharks live in water. • Conclusion: sharks are fish. The premises are true/false The logic is valid/not valid The argument is sound/not sound. How about the conclusion?

• Premise #1: fish live in water. • Premise #2: whales live in water. • Conclusion: whales are fish. The premises are true/false The logic is valid/not valid The argument is sound/not sound. How about the conclusion?