PHILOSOPHY Greek Philosophy Greek thinkers challenged the idea

PHILOSOPHY !

Greek Philosophy • Greek thinkers challenged the idea that events were caused by the gods • Used observation and reason to explain cause for events • Philosophers = “lovers of wisdom” • Explored mathematics, music, behavior, politics, logic (rational thinking) etc. • Skilled in the art of rhetoric (skillful speaking)

Socrates • Athenian stonemason and philosopher • Spent his time teaching in the town square, asking people about their beliefs • The Socratic Method • Asked questions to people so they could seek truth an self-knowledge • Sentenced to death by a jury for corrupting the youth and disrespecting the gods

The unexamined life is not worth living

Plato • Student of Socrates • Emphasized the importance of reason in his teachings • Wrote: The Republic, which described his vision of the ideal state • Hated democracy because it killed Socrates • Wanted society divided into 3 classes: workers, philosophers, and soldiers • Taught that women should be educated so they could serve the state

“People are like dirt. They can either nourish you and help you grow as a person or they can stunt your growth and make you wilt and die. ”

Aristotle • Student of Plato • Analyzed the different forms of gov’t, found good and bad examples for each • Was suspicious of democracy • Favored rule by one person • Set up a school, the Lyceum, for the study of all branches of knowledge • Wrote on politics, ethics, logic, biology, literature, and other subjects

“The educated differ from the uneducated as much as the living differ from the dead. ”

Herodotus • The father of history • Wrote “The Persian Wars” • Traveled to other lands to collect information about historical events • Historie- inquiry • Stressed the importance of research in studying history

“In Peace, Sons bury their Fathers. In War, Fathers bury their Sons. ”