Pharynx PHARYNX n Passage way for food and

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Pharynx

PHARYNX n. Passage way for food and liquid. n. In both digestive and respiratory systems.

PHARYNX n. Palatopharyngeal arch: When food touches it, swallowing initiates.

PHARYNX n. Tonsils: Lymph tissue (mouth defense) n. Tonsilitis, tonsilectomy

Cracker vs. Water n. Follow the directions in this mini-lab. Answer the questions in your lab book.

Esophagus

Esophagus n. Leads the pharynx to the stomach. n. Tube of muscle

Esophagus n. Deglutition: swallowing n. Under autonomic control (no control)

Deglutition n 1. Uvula moves up, covers nasal passage n 2. Pharynx moves up and the epiglottis covers respiratory system.

Peristalsis n. Bolus pushed through by a rhythmic smooth muscle contraction. n. Reverse peristalsis? ? ?

n http: //health. howstuffworks. com/adam 200088. htm

Heartburn n. Stomach acid bubbles up into esophagus and burns layers of esophagus.

Esophagus n. Normal esophagus

Heartburn

Esophagus

Esophagus n. Newspaper article

Stomach

Stomach: COLOR n. A. Fundus B. Body n. C. Pylorus n. D. Pyloric sphincter n. E. Cardia

Stomach n. J-shaped n. Slightly on left side of the body

Stomach n. Functions: n 1. Physical breakdown (Muscular) 3 layers of powerful muscle

Stomach n 2. Chemical breakdown (acid/enzyme)

Stomach n 3. Storage (holds about 1. 5 liters) n. Like….

n. Kobayashi n. Worlds greatest eater! n 5’ 7’’ 130 lbs

Kobayashi n 18 pounds of cow brains in 15 min n 53 hot dogs and buns in 12 min n 20 pounds of rice in 30 min

Kobayashi n. Once at a all you can eat buffet and gained 26 pounds at one sitting!!

Stomach n. Parts: n. Fundus n. Body n. Pylorus “ gate guard”

Stomach n. Openings: n. Sphincter: muscular ring that contracts to close the entrance or exit of an internal passageway.

STOMACH n. Cardia (e): Connects esophagus to stomach n. Near ? ?

Stomach n. Pyloric Sphincter (d): Regulates flow of chyme between stomach and S. I. n. Autonomic control

Stomach n. Gastric Mucosa: n. Epithelial cells full of mucosa cells n. Lining of the stomach n. Stretch receptors

Stomach n. Gastric Mucosa: n. Secretes a protective mucous (protects from acid, enzymes, abrasive material)

Stomach n. Color code the lining of the stomach. n. Figure 1 = g n. Figure 2 = h, i, j

Stomach n. Rugae (ROO-ge) n. Wrinkles, very folded

Stomach

Stomach n. Gastrin: Hormone released when food enters stomach. n. Stretch receptors in the stomach wall trigger gastrin.

Stomach n. Gastrin: Stimulates the gastric gland

Stomach n. Chyme: A soupy mixture of food + gastric juices after they are combined n. Vomit

Stomach n. Gastric Glands: Responsible for secreting gastric juices. n 1. 5 liters per day

Gastric Gland n. Contain 2 types of secreting cells n. Parietal and Chief

Parietal cells 1. Releases HCl for breakdown n 2. killing microorganisms

Parietal cells n 3. Activates enzymes (in chief cells) n 4. Intrinsic factors n(Vitamin. B 12)

Chief cells n. Releases pepsinogen (pre-enzyme)

Chief cells n. Pepsinogen n + HCl Pepsin (enzyme)

Chief cells n. Pepsin: splitter Protein

Gastric pits n. Depressions or “pits” where the glands are located in. Gastric pit communicates with gastric glands.

Disorders: n. Ulcers: open sore in the wall of the stomach