Pharmacology IV Supplies RTEC 93 Pharmacology for the

Pharmacology & IV Supplies RTEC 93

Pharmacology for the Radiologic Technologist

Drug Classifications n Name – generic or brand n Action n Method of legal purchase (prescription or non-prescription)

Classification by Name Chemical name – actual chemical structure n Generic name – when it becomes commercially available (never capitalized) – nonproprietary name n Brand name – give by a drug manufacture – trademark, trade name, n proprietary name

Example n Chemical name – 7 chloro-1, 3 -dihydro 1 -methyl-5 -phenyl-H-1, 4 benzodiazepin-2 -one n Generic name – diazepam n Brand name - Valium

Drug Reactions n Anaphylaxis – VS n Anaphylactoid

Principles of Drug Administration “The golden rules of drug administration” n The five rights of drug administration n Right drug n Right patient n Right route n Right amount Right time

Drug Routes Oral – by mouth n Sublingual – under the tongue n Topical – directly onto the skin n – transdermal n Parenteral – by injection or other than oral - intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, intrathecal

Charting Drug Information Any time a drug is administered to an inpatient it must be charted n Information includes: n – Drug name – Dose of the drug – Route of administration (if parenterally, then the side of injection) – Date & Time

Legal Considerations Errors with drug administration is the most common legal problems for radiologic technologists n Techs must follow charting protocols and document all errors in drug administration n

Pg. 319 n Do Not Use – abbreviations

Parenteral Injection Supplies n Drugs are injected into the body with a plastic syringe. All of the supplies for drug injection are used only once. – The tourniquet may be used again as long as it was not soiled.

Supplies for Venipuncture • • Disposable gloves Alcohol Swabs Tourniquet Needle – Butterfly or Angiocath Tape 2 X 2 or 4 X 4 Contrast & Syringes Saline

3 parts of the syringe Plunger, Barrel & Tip

Sizes n General-purpose syringes – 2, 2. 5, 3, 5, 10, 20 & 50 ml n Special design syringes – TB & insulin syringes – Luer-Lock syringes (best for closed systems)

3 parts of the needle Hub, Cannula or Shaft & Bevel

Needle Sizes n Length The measurement in inches of the shaft portion n 0. 25 to 5 inches n Shorter = subcutaneous, Longer = IM, 1 – 1. 5 -inch = IV n

Needle Sizes Gauge n The thickness of diameter of the needle n The smaller the diameter of the shaft the finer the needle, the larger the gauge number. Inverse relationship with size and # (Ex: 25 -gauge very small diameter, n 18 -gauge used to draw contrast not start IV’s)

Examples: Package labeled n “ 20 g/1. 5” n “ 25 g/1” n “ 22 g/1/5”

Bevel Length n n Long bevels = SC & IM Short bevels = IV

Parenteral Drugs n 2 different containers: Ampule & Vials n Ampule = sealed glass container holding one single dose

Vial Small glass bottle with a sealed rubber cap n Different sizes and may contain multiple doses of a drug n

When you are done with your supplies where do your dispose of them?

Questions? § "The pessimist sees difficulty in every opportunity. The optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty. " Winston Churchill Demo “filling a syringe” § Lab practice: Vitals & drawing meds