Pharmacological Properties of Medicinal plants Pharmaceutical use based
Pharmacological Properties of Medicinal plants • Pharmaceutical use based on pharmacological use • Problems of pharmacological classification • Clinical use of allopathic drugs • Use of traditional medicine
Drugs of CNS Nervous system CNS ANS Peripheral
Central Nervous System • • • Comprises of brain and spinal cord General stimulatory or depressant action Narcotic drugs Hallucinogenic drugs Sociological implications
Autonomic Nervous System • Links to smooth muscle and glands • Two divisions Sympathetic and Para sympathetic
DRUGS ACTING ON CVS • Heart & circulatory diseases are principal cause of mortality in Developed nations • Intensive research on prevention rather than cure • Regulation of heart is dependant upon many factors • 447 species with more than 700 secondary metabolites have cardiovascular activity
Cardio active glycoside • Glycosides of various Digitalis species are cardio active • Pharmacological activity dependant on aglycone and sugar attachment • Sugar increases solubility and fixation of drug molecule to heart muscle • Clinical efficacy in congestive heart failure
Antihypertensive drugs • Hypertension an important factor of cardiovascular disorders • 90% is primary hypertension • Reserpine obtained from Rauwalfia serpentine recognized as hypotensive in early 1950 s • Other plant drugs exhibit ACE inhibitory activity
Hypolipidaemic drugs • High blood cholesterol and triglyceride level is major cause of ischemic heart diseases and atherosclerosis • Garlic lowers serum cholesterol level and improves lipid profile by adjusting the HDL: LDL ratio • Psylium seed have beneficial effects
DRUGS OF GIT • • Bitters Anticholinergics Emetics Antiemetics Carminatives Ulcer therapy Demulcents
continued • Laxatives and purgatives • Rectal and colonic drugs • Antidiarrhoeal drugs
The Nasal and Respiratory system • • Large no. of plant origin medicine Aromatic inhalations Bronchodilators Nasal decongestants Expectorants Cough depressants Demulcents
Drugs for liver • Liver principal organ for metabolism and excretion • Liver diseases classified as liver cirrhosis and hepatitis • Most common drug of plant origin is Silibum marinum
Drugs of urinary and reproductive systems • • • Diuretics Urinary antiseptics Drugs for uterus Oral contraceptives Drug for male impotence
Drugs for sugar metabolism • Many plants used as oral hypoglycemic • Onion, Aloe, cumin fruit, ginseng etc.
Anticancer drugs • Vast research on medicinal plants for substances with anticancer activity • Clinical trials on Catharanthus and Taxus alkaloid
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