PH 1600 Introductory Astronomy Lecture 6 Mercury Venus

PH 1600: Introductory Astronomy Lecture 6: Mercury, Venus, & Mars What is this?

PH 1600: Introductory Astronomy Lecture 6: The Terrestrial Planets: Mercury, Venus, & Mars Next Lecture: Earth and Moon School: Michigan Technological University Professor: Robert Nemiroff Online Course Web. CT pages: http: //courses. mtu. edu/ This class can be taken online ONLY, class attendance is not required!

You are responsible for… ¡ ¡ ¡ Lecture material Listed wikipedia entries l But not higher math APODs posted during the semester l ¡ APOD review every week during lecture Completing the Quizzes l l l Homework quizzes 1 & 2 already due Homework 3 quiz due before 5 pm today See Web. CT at http: //courses. mtu. edu/

Wikipedia entries: ¡ ¡ Mercury_(planet) Venus Mars Phoenix Lander 4

Terrestrial Planets ¡ ¡ ¡ Mercury, Venus, Earth, & Mars Mostly composed of rock All in the inner Solar System http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Terrestrial_planets

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Inner_Solar_System#Inner_Solar_System Orbits of the Terrestrial Planets Text

Mercury ¡ ¡ ¡ First rock from the Sun Very hot Little atmosphere Orbits once in 88 Earth days Rotates once in 59 Earth days l ¡ 3: 2 orbital resonance of elliptical orbit Visited by l l Mariner 10 in 1974 -75 MESSENGER in 2008 ¡ Will orbit Mercury in 2011

Mercury Over Leeds Credit & Copyright: Tony Cook APOD: 2005 March 7

Mercury Spotting Credit: SOHO - EIT Consortium, ESA, NASA APOD: 2004 June 6

A Mercury Transit Sequence Credit & Copyright: Dominique Dierick APOD: 2003 May 27

Mercury: A Cratered Inferno Credit: Mariner 10, NASA APOD: 2004 September 12

Southwest Mercury Credit: Mariner 10, NASA APOD: 2003 February 16

Messenger Launch Credit & Copyright: Ben Cooper APOD: 2004 August 14

Mercury in Accentuated Color Credit: MESSENGER, NASA, JHU APL, CIW APOD: 2008 March 19 14

A Spider Shaped Crater on Mercury Credit: MESSENGER, NASA, JHU APL, CIW APOD: 2008 February 4

Mercury's Faults Credit: NASA, JPL, Mariner 10, Copyright Calvin J. Hamilton (LANL) APOD: January 21, 1996

Mercury's Caloris Basin Credit: NASA, JPL, Mariner 10 APOD: 1996 January 20

Venus ¡ ¡ ¡ Second rock from the Sun Size and mass similar to Earth Covered by highly reflective clouds l ¡ ¡ Mostly Carbon Dioxide Orbits once in 224. 7 Earth days Rotates once in 243 Earth days

Venus ¡ Surface atmosphere hot and dense l l l ¡ ¡ Surface temperature: 750 K Surface pressure: 90 times Earth Caused by greenhouse effect Landing by Soviet Veneras in 1970 s & 1980 s Venus Express (ESA) arrived in 2006 l Studying clouds

A Quadruple Sky Over Great Salt Lake Credit & Copyright: Michael Wilson APOD: 2005 September 13

The Belt of Venus over the Valley of the Moon Credit & Copyright: Christine Churchill APOD: 2006 July 23

Space Station, Venus, Sun Credit & Copyright: Tomas Maruska (SAAD) APOD: 2004 July 20

A Picturesque Venus Transit Credit & Copyright: David Cortner APOD: 2004 June 23

S is for Venus Credit & Copyright: Tunç Tezel APOD: 2005 January 7

Venus Express Arrives at Venus Credit: ESA/MPS, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany APOD: 2006 July 17

Venus: Earth's Cloudy Twin Credit: Galileo Spacecraft, JPL, NASA; Copyright: Calvin J. Hamilton APOD: 2004 May 16

Venus Unveiled Credit: Magellan Project, JPL, NASA APOD: 2005 September 3

Venus' Once Molten Surface Credit: E. De Jong et al. (JPL), MIPL, Magellan Team, NASA APOD: 2005 April 10

Atete Corona on Venus Credit: Magellan Spacecraft Team, USGS, NASA APOD: 2002 March 12

Lava Flows on Venus Credit: Magellan Project, JPL, NASA APOD: 2004 March 23

One Hundred-Kilometer Terrain on Venus Credit: Magellan Spacecraft, USGS, NASA APOD: 2001 May 7

A Venus Landing Credit: Soviet Planetary Exploration Program, NSSDC APOD: 2003 November 30

Venus Express in Venus orbit http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Venus_Express_in_orbit. jpg

Swirling Clouds Over the South Pole of Venus Credit: ESA/MPS, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany APOD: 2007 May 1

Mars ¡ ¡ ¡ Fourth planet from the Sun Once thought inhabited by Martians making canals Orbits in 687 Earth days Rotates in 24 h 40 m Thin atmosphere l l l Mostly Carbon Dioxide Coldest: -140 C; Warmest: 21 C Surface pressure 1% of Earths

Earth Webcam Catches Mars Rotation Credit: Howard C. Anderson (Astroshow. com) APOD: 2003 August 26

Retrograde Mars Credit & Copyright: Tunc Tezel APOD: 2003 December 16

Z is for Mars Credit & Copyright: Tunc Tezel APOD: 2006 April 22

Mars Then and Now Credit & Copyright: Tom Ruen, Eugene Antoniadi, Lowell Hess, Roy A. Gallant, HST, NASA APOD: 2003 November 12

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Kirks_Soap_Yerkes_Mars. jpg

Mars Moons Credit & Copyright: Johannes Schedler (Panther Observatory) APOD: 2003 October 24

Phobos: Doomed Moon of Mars Credit: G. Neukum (FU Berlin) et al. , Mars Express, DLR, ESA APOD: 2004 November 19

Deimos: A Small Martian Moon Credit: Viking Project, JPL, NASA APOD: 2001 September 2

Valles Marineris: The Grand Canyon of Mars Credit: Viking Project, USGS, NASA APOD: 2006 July 30

A Digital Opportunity Rover on Mars Credit: Mars Exploration Rover Mission, Cornell, JPL, NASA Rover Model: D. Maas - Synthetic Image: Z. Gorjian et al. APOD: 2005 December 14

Earth or Mars? Earth Image Credit & Copyright: Filipe Alves; Mars Image Credit: Mars Exploration Rover Mission, JPL, NASA APOD: 2005 April 12

Red Mars from Spirit Credit: Mars Exploration Rover Mission, JPL, NASA APOD: 2004 January 7

Heat Shield Impact Crater on Mars Credit: Mars Exploration Rover Mission, JPL, NASA APOD: 2005 February 9

Steep Cliffs on Mars Credit: G. Neukum (FU Berlin) et al. , Mars Express, DLR, ESA APOD: 2005 March 15

Unusual Plates on Mars Credit: G. Neukum (FU Berlin) et al. , Mars Express, DLR, ESA APOD: 2005 February 28

Water Ice in a Martian Crater Credit: G. Neukum (FU Berlin) et al. , Mars Express, DLR, ESA; Image created for and Copyright: Nature APOD: 2005 July 20

A Dust Devil Crater on Mars Credit: Malin Space Science Systems, MGS, JPL, NASA APOD: 2003 December 30

A Martian Dust Devil Passes Credit: Mars Exploration Rover Mission, JPL, NASA APOD: 2005 April 26

Global Dust Storms Threaten Mars Rovers Credit: Mars Exploration Rover Mission, Cornell, JPL, NASA APOD: 2007 July 25

Victoria Crater on Mars Credit: Mars Exploration Rover Mission, Cornell, JPL, NASA APOD: 2007 October 22 55

Inside Victoria Crater on Mars Credit: Mars Exploration Rover Mission, Cornell, JPL, NASA APOD: 2007 September 17

Phoenix Digs for Clues on Mars Credit: Phoenix Mission Team, NASA, JPLCaltech, U. Arizona, Texas A&M University APOD: 2008 June 15 57

Phoenix and the Snow Queen Credit: Kenneth Kremer, Marco Di Lorenzo, Phoenix Mission, NASA, JPL, UA, Max Planck Inst. , Aviation Week and Space Technology APOD: 2008 June 12 58

A Face On Mars Credit: The Viking Project, NASA APOD: 1998 April 6

Mars Express Close-Up of the Face on Mars APOD: 2006 September 25