Petroleum Engineering 406 Introduction Introduction Introduction to course

Petroleum Engineering 406 Introduction

Introduction • • • Introduction to course Class hours Grading Textbooks Schedule Introduction to Well Control

Introduction • Description: (3 -0). Credit 3. II – Well control; underbalanced drilling; offshore drilling; horizontal, extended, reach, multilateral drilling; and fishing operations – Prerequisite: PETE 411 • Classes: • Richardson: 8: 00 – 8: 50 a. m. MWF 313

Introduction • • • Instructor: Jerome J. Schubert, PE Office: 501 K Richardson Hours: 9: 00 - 11: 00 a. m. TR Phone: 979/862 -1195 e-mail: schubert@spindletop. tamu. edu Notes: http: //pumpjack. tamu. edu/~schubert

Grading • • • Quiz. A: Quiz B: Final: Hmwk: Project: 20% 20% 20%

Textbooks • Applied Drilling Engineering – Bourgoyne, Chenevert, Millheim, Young • Well Control Manual – Schubert • Handouts, Technical papers, etc.

Course Content • Well Control – Kicks – Blowouts – Terminology – Basic Well Control Calculations – Causes of Kicks – Kick Detection – Shut-In Procedures

Course Content • • Well Kill Procedures Equivalent Mud Weights Casing Seat Tests Kick Tolerances Gas Kicks Abnormal Pressure Casing Seat Selection

Course Content • • Well Control Equipment Unusual Well Control Operations Shallow Gas Subsea Well Control

Course Content • Underbalanced Drilling, UBD – Introduciton to UBD – UBD techniques – Benefits – Equipment – Selecting candidates – UBD engineering

Course Content • Offshore Drilling – Platform Rigs – Jackup rigs – Floating Drilling

Course Content • Dual Gradient Drilling – Introduction to DGD – U-tube concepts – Pressure profiles – DGD well control

Petroleum Engineering 406 Lesson 1 Well Control

Well Control • Kick – “an unscheduled entry of formation fluids into the wellbore, of sufficient Quantity to require shutting in the well. • Blowout – Loss of control of a kick

Blowout

Blowouts

Well Control • Blowout – Surface – Underground • Blowouts caused by – equipment failure – human error

Well Control • Engineers in office can aid in well control by: – Provide pressure profiles for all pending wells – Provide offset information such as logs, bit records, mud reports, drilling records. – Provide support and assistance personnel on location.

Well Control Terminology • Hydrostatic pressure =. 052 x MW x TVD

Hydrostatic Pressure • Derive HSP equation • Calculate the HSP for each of the following: – 10, 000’ of 12. 0 ppg mud – 12, 000’ of 10. 5 ppg mud – 5, 000’ of 11. 2 ppg mud on top of 6, 000’ of 16. 5 ppg mud

Hydrostatic Pressure • Derive HSP equation – Area = A, sq. ft. – Height = h, ft. – Density = MW, ppg • Weight of fluid = – A*h (ft 3)*62. 4 lb/ ft 3 *MW/8. 33 – =62. 4/8. 33*MW*A*h A MW h

Hydrostatic Pressure • This weight is equally distributed over an area of A sq. ft or 144*A sq. in. • Pressure = Weight (force)/area • = 62. 4*MW*A*h • 8. 33*144*A • P=. 052*MW*h where h=TVD

Terminology • Pressure Gradient – psi/ft =. 052 x MW – ppg equivalent • Formation Pressure – Normal pressure – Abnormal pressure – Subnormal pressure

Terminology • Overburden pressure – function of rock and fluid above zone of interest • Fracture pressure

Terminology • Pump pressure or system pressure loss

Terminology • Slow Pump Pressure • Taken: – every tour by each driller – pumps repaired or liners changed – mud properties change – every 500’ of hole – change in BHA – bit nozzles changed

Terminology • Surge pressure • Swab pressure

Terminology • Shut-in drillpipe pressure - SIDPP – FP = HSPdp + SIDPP • Shut-in casing pressure - SICP – FP = HSPcsg mud + HSPinflux + SICP • Bottom-hole pressure - BHP – BHP = HSP + SIP + Friction + Surge - Swab

U-Tube Concept

Basic Calculations • Dia, in - cap, bbl/ft

Basic Calculations • Pump Output – Duplex Pump – Triplex Pump

Basic Calculations

Basic Calculations • Kill Weight Mud – KWM = SIDPP/(0. 052 x TVD) + OWM – KWM = FP/(0. 052 x TVD)

Weight material to add to increase density