Petroleum By Vishal Sundaram Rohit Rambhatla and Kevin

Petroleum By Vishal Sundaram, Rohit Rambhatla, and Kevin Johnson

Characteristics Yellow to black liquid Fossil fuel, formed from dead organisms In the ground

Use seismic surveys to find the oil reservoir Extraction Use an oil rig to drill a hole Natural pressure forces to surface Water injection, gas injection create pressure to cause rise Heat oil, easier to extract

World Leaders in Production Saudi Arabia 11. 7 bbl/day United States 11. 1 bbl/day Russia 10. 4 bbl/day China 4. 19 bbl/day Canada 3. 85 bbl/day Iran 3. 5 bbl/day UAE 3. 2 bbl/day Iraq 2. 9 bbl/day Mexico 2. 9 bbl/day Kuwait 2. 7 bbl/day fef World Oil Reserves (US EIA) Venezuela: 298, 350 Saudi Arabia: 268, 289 Canada: 172, 481 Iran: 157, 800 Iraq: 144, 211 Kuwait: 104, 000 UAE: 97, 800 Russia: 80, 000 Libya: 48, 363 United States: 39, 933

High energy density Advantages Easy availability Easy to produce/refine Reliable and constant

Nonrenewable Depletable Disadvantages Not as clean or efficient as natural gas Locating reserves=expensive Production is in unstable regions

Environmental Impacts Air pollution (SO 2, CO, acid rain) GHGs Water pollution (oil spills)

Energy Production Process chemical/potential > thermal > kinetic > electrical Conventional steam - Steam spins turbine to generate electricity. Combustion turbine - High pressure gas spins a turbine to generate electricity. Combined-cycle technology Both of above in conjunction (two turbines are spun).

Formation water from drilling Dissolves radium (radioactive) Sludge, contaminated equipment Waste and Efficiency Air pollutants Crude oil-Gas 85% efficient Crude-Fuel No. 4 93% efficient Oil furnaces 80 -90% efficient Don’t use in power plants much

BHP Billiton petroleum boss Steve Pastor In the News Oil shortage in next 5 years May 2017 “Because of underinvestment in the last few years, we’re dangerously at risk of actually being short on supply as we look to 2022. ”

https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Petroleum http: //geab. eu/en/top-10 -countries-with-the-worlds-biggest-oil-reserves/ http: //www. hydrocarbons-technology. com/features/featurethe-10 -biggest-oil-consuming-countries-4141632/ Citation http: //www. greenworldinvestor. com/2011/07/07/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-oil-cons-disregarded-bypowerful-lobbies/ http: //www. theaustralian. com. au/business/mining-energy/bhp-billiton-warns-of-world-oil-shortage/newsstory/0 fece 34 cb 72 b 70 f 36321 d 0 e 14716615 f https: //www. epa. gov/radiation/tenorm-oil-and-gas-production-wastes