Peter Drucker The Father of Management Theory JAC

Peter Drucker: The Father of Management Theory JAC KSONVILLE STATE U NIVERS ITY NU 540 CYNTHIA ALEXANDER

The Father of Modern Corporate Management

Peter Drucker is known around the world for his innovative thinking in the ways of business management. His work turned management theory into a serious discipline among sociologists and he participated in nearly every aspect of management theory development. (Business. com, 2011)

Peter Drucker Managers are the most expensive resource in most businesses. Managers depreciate the fastest and needs the most constant replenishment. (Drucker, 2011)

Drucker: Management Theory Peter Drucker’s basic principle of Management by Objectives (MBO) is to determine joint objectives and to provide feedback on the results. (Vliet, 2014)

Drucker: Management Theory Management by objectives is an approach in which a balance is sought between the objectives of employees and the objectives of an organization (Vliet, 2014)

Management by Objectives MBO measures the performance of employees as compared to typical standards for the job. The belief is that if employees help determine those standards, they will be more likely to fulfill them. Knowledge worker is one of the many terms used by Drucker within his management theories. By the measure of today's society, a knowledge worker is equivalent to the executive of a company. (business. com, 2011)

Management by Objective Drucker saw that many leaders try to take on everything in a demonstration of power or a means of maintaining control, under the assumption that only they can accomplish a task correctly. (Business. com, 2011)

SMART Method Drucker's SMART Method is a means of checking to make sure an objective is valid. Specific - target a specific area for improvement. Measurable - quantify or at least suggest an indicator of progress. Achievable - specify who will do it. Realistic - state what results can realistically be achieved, given available resources. Time-related - specify when the result(s) can be achieved. (Business. com, 2011)

Drucker: Management Theory Drucker questioned why in both the classical and human relations schools of management, effectiveness was automatically considered to be a natural and expected outcome. According to him effectiveness was more important than efficiency and was the foundation of every organization. (Ostdick, 2010)

Clinical Scenario CDC recommends a yearly flu vaccine for everyone 6 months and older. Vaccination can reduce flu illnesses, doctors' visits, and missed work and school due to flu illness, as well as prevent flu-related hospitalizations. The flu vaccine reduces the risk of flu illness by about 50% to 60% among the overall population. (CDC, 2016)

Clinical Scenario The APHN at the Public Health Department has been put in charge of 2016 Flu Vaccinations for the community of Hayneville. The number of people receiving flu vaccinations in this community over the past 3 years has been very low. City leaders are expecting an upward trend in the vaccination numbers to cut healthcare costs.

Clinical Scenario Thousands of dollars has been spent to treat citizens with the flu due to low income and lack of insurance. The team wants to be proactive by promoting preventative care thereby cutting the cost in half. A budget has been set and given to the APHN. Staff salaries, marketing strategies, and supplies needed for the vaccinations are expected to be managed from this budget.

Clinical Scenario Educating the community and attempting to gain their trust will be a difficult yet very important task for the APHN. Task # 1 – assemble a team and together plan a strategy for community notification and administering the vaccinations.

Clinical Scenario Task # 2 – Finalize a budget after collecting data on the cost of marketing, flu vaccines, and other supplies needed. Task # 3 – assign each member of the team a task to perform before, during, and after the vaccinations are complete.

Clinical Scenario Social Workers – responsible for marketing prior to flu season. Will also be the intake personnel for the flu clinic. When time permits they will replenish supplies at each station for the nurses. Nurses – responsible for inventory of current supplies. Make a list of supplies needed. The nurses will administer the flu vaccines at the clinic and participate in community education on the influenza virus.

Clinical Scenario APHN – responsible for ordering supplies, and maintaining budget. Will oversee daily activities at the clinic and run interference when problems arise. The APHN will also assist with the community education.

Theory Concepts Objective – To administer the flu vaccine to 75% of the population of Hayneville. Specific – The city leaders are being proactive by attempting to encourage more of the Citizens of Hayneville to receive the annual flu vaccination. Measurable – The goal is to administer the vaccine to ¾ of the citizens; to include men, women, and children.

Theory Concepts Achievable - A team of an APHN, 5 licensed practical nurses, and 2 social workers was assembled by the APHN to promote and administer the flu vaccine. Realistic – Based on community trust, lack of transportation, and funds available for supplies; the team expects to vaccinate about 50% of this community.

Theory Concepts Time-related – The marketing will begin August 1 st and will continue throughout the month of September 2016. The Influenza vaccinations be administered daily for a week beginning October 01, 2016. The flu vaccines will continue three times weekly throughout flu season or until all supplies are exhausted.

Evaluation The use of the SMART Acronym allows the team to implement Drucker’s Management by Objective Theory into the planning of their flu clinic. The team of healthcare professionals were successful in the decision making and business goals set to promote health in the community of Hayneville.

Evaluation Under the leadership of the APHN the goal of the city leaders was to promote health and wellness through awareness and prevention thereby decreasing annual expenses at the Public Health Department.

Evaluation There was a 60% decrease in reported flu cases for the town of Hayneville. There was a 46% increase in the number of citizens who received the flu vaccine. The cost of care for those citizens diagnosed with the flu decreased by 50% overall from last year.

Chinn’s Theory The use of Drucker’s Management Theory was positive in helping this team to reach their goal. Using SMART gave a step by step guide through Drucker’s process of MBO. Drucker’s Theory when applied to this scenario enabled the team to have clarity and simplicity when identifying an objective.

Chinn’s Theory Drucker’s Management Theory is measurable and broadly used by businesses to reach their goals. Strength - team lead by an APHN with a positive attitude and who allowed the members of her team a voice in planning and implementing goals. Weakness – none noted because this theory is applicable in most situations.

Questions 1. Do you think it is detrimental to allow frontline staff to participate in organizing, planning, and evaluation of the business goals? 2. Should a business model be utilized when planning services related to healthcare? 3. What are some barriers that keep people from getting the flu vaccine? Should the city leaders offer incentives to get more people to receive the flu vaccine?

Reference Business. com. (2011). Management Theory of Peter Drucker Key Terms. Understanding Peter Drucker and his work. Retrieved from http: //www. business. com/coachingconsultants/making-the-most-of-leadership-qualities-andskills/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). Influenza (Flu). Retrieved from http: //www. cdc. gov/flu/about/qa/vaccineeffect. htm

Reference Drucker, P. (2011). People and Performance: The Best of Peter Drucker on Management. Routledge, Taylor, & Francis Group. New York, New York. ELearn. Portal. (2016). Processes for Analyzing Nursing Theory. Retrieved from http: //www. elearnportal. com/courses/nursing/conceptualapproaches-to-nursing/conceptual-approaches-to-nursingprocess-for-analysinc-nursing-theory

Reference Ostdick, John. (2010). Peter Drucker: The Father of Management Theory. SUCCESS. Retrieved from http: //www. success. com/article/peter-drucker-the-father-ofmanagement-theory Vliet, V. (2014). Management by Objectives by Peter Drucker. Toolshero. Retrieved from http: //www. toolshero. com/management-byobjectives-drucker/