Pest Management Chapter 8 Learning Targets 1 I

Pest Management Chapter 8

Learning Targets 1. I can identify various Categories of Pests? 2. I can identify Safety Precautions of using Chemicals? 3. I can identify proper terms used in Pest Management?

Pest § Anything that causes injury or loss to a plant.

Host Plant § Plant provides food for insect.

5 Major Categories of Pest

1 st Category of Pest § Insect

2 nd Category of Pest § Nematodes

3 rd Category of Pest § Weeds

4 th Category of Pest § Diseases

5 th Category of Pest § Rodents

Insects § 3 Distinct Body Parts. 1. Head 2. Thorax 3. Abdomen

Insects § 3 pair of legs § Either 2 pairs, 1, or no pairs of wings.

Insect Facts § 800, 000 insects in the world. Species § 100, 000 in the United States Species § Less than a 1, 000 are pest to plants and people.

Insect Body § Body is cylindrical and segmented. § External Skeleton. § Internal Muscles and organs § Respiratory system with openings on the side of the body wall.

Insect Eats § Mandibles: Insects chews plants.

Mandible Insects Examples § Grubs

Mandible Insects Examples § Beetles

Mandible Insects Examples § Caterpillars

Piercing Insects § Siphoning nutrients from the plant.

Piercing Insect Examples § Aphids

Piercing Insect Examples § Leafhoppers

Piercing Insect Examples § Mosquitoes

Incomplete Metamorphosis § Insects life cycle goes from: 1 st Egg 2 nd Nymph 3 rd Adult

Nymph § Looks similar to adult except by. Size, Color,

Incomplete Metamorphosis Examples § Leafhoppers

Incomplete Metamorphosis Examples § Aphids

Incomplete Metamorphosis Examples § Mole Crickets

Incomplete Metamorphosis Examples § Chinch Bugs

Complete Metamorphosis § Insect goes through 4 distinct stages. § 1. Egg § 2. Larvae § 3. Pupae § 4. Adult

Larvae § Looks nothing like the adult stage.

Pupae § Transformation stage. § Example: Caterpillars to Moths

Instars § Insect gradual increase in size. § Shed external skeleton 4 -5 stages (Instars)

Beneficial Insects § Help kill other insects § Improve Soil § Pollinate Plants

Beneficial Insects § Praying Mantis

Beneficial Insects § Lady Beetle

Beneficial Insects § Green Lacewing

Harmful Insects § Insects that hurt or damage crops or plants.

Harmful Insects § Japanese Beetle

Cultural Pest Control § Use management techniques to control insects. § Sanitation § Resistant varieties of plants § Insect Traps

Biological Pest Control § Uses living organisms that are predators to control pest.

Mechanical Pest Control § § § Plowing Mulching § All help improve weed and insect problems.

Chemical Pest Control § Pesticide: Chemical to control pest. § Chemical Pest Control: Use pesticides, herbicides on plants and insects.

Pesticide Safety 1. Use correct product 2. Use correct equipment 3. Mix according to directions