Persuasive Techniques LOGOS Logos An appeal to logic

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Persuasive Techniques

Persuasive Techniques

LOGOS Logos An appeal to logic and reason Example: School uniforms should be required

LOGOS Logos An appeal to logic and reason Example: School uniforms should be required because it would then be easier for staff to recognize intruders. School uniforms should be required because it would decrease incidents of bullying.

LOGOS Strategies Evidence Examples and illustrations Facts, statistics Precedents, laws Organization Process Comparison/contrast Division/classification

LOGOS Strategies Evidence Examples and illustrations Facts, statistics Precedents, laws Organization Process Comparison/contrast Division/classification Cause/effect Definition, description

PATHOS Pathos An appeal to emotional reaction. Example: School uniforms should be required because

PATHOS Pathos An appeal to emotional reaction. Example: School uniforms should be required because it alleviates students’ fear of looking different and being picked on because of their clothes. Suzy Jo Mc. Guillicutty retells the story of when she was made fun of and beaten up because she wore the same blouse two days in a row. Sobbing, she conjures up painful memories of not fitting in.

PATHOS Strategies Inspiring feeling/empathy/sympathy Anger, pride, guilt, love, shame, hope, etc. Awareness of opposition

PATHOS Strategies Inspiring feeling/empathy/sympathy Anger, pride, guilt, love, shame, hope, etc. Awareness of opposition Awareness of the audience's cultural and emotional background Race, age, sex, physical characteristics, habits Economic or educational level Religious or political affiliation Ethnicity, country of birth, citizenship, location Awareness of audience concerns Needs, values, beliefs of groups audience belongs to

ETHOS Ethos An appeal based on your own credibility. Example: Based on research explained

ETHOS Ethos An appeal based on your own credibility. Example: Based on research explained in the Winter 2004 issue of Educational Leadership, seventy-four percent of the schools who attempted a uniform policy could not claim success with any certainty since other confounding variables such as higher security and a peer mediation program could just have easily have been the cause of decreased school violence. In my own observations as a student teacher at Waldo Middle School in Salem, Oregon, I discovered that on “uniform days, ” behavior referrals decreased to nearly none, whereas on “dress free days, ” referrals spiked to as much as ten times as many.

ETHOS Strategies Credibility (common sense) Familiarity with subject Awareness of broad perspective Character (virtue)

ETHOS Strategies Credibility (common sense) Familiarity with subject Awareness of broad perspective Character (virtue) Respect others' values Value welfare of others Show integrity, trustworthiness, open-mindedness Confidence (good will) Show self-understanding Understand reader needs Treat reader as equal

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