Persuasive Speeches What is persuasion To persuade is

Persuasive Speeches

What is persuasion? • To persuade is to: • influence or change someone’s opinion • To prompt action

Where do you use persuasion? • Parents • Go on out with friends, buy something, less time on chores • Siblings • Do your chores, don’t tell mom, etc • Teachers • Can I turn it in late because…? • Friends • Lets do this… We should go here…

Where do you see persuasion? • Media • TV, Internet, Billboards, Magazines, Books, • Advertisements, • • Buy this product and you’ll look thinner Buy this product and you’ll look taller Buy this product and everyone will love you Buy this product to be a better version of you

Influencing Others • 3 Tactics of persuasion • Ethos, Logos, Pathos • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=x 4 t. Tugq. Bk. JU&list=PLg 0 Cr. CGHE qyl. Iisu_VO 9 f. D 3 ek 9 V 2 E 9 m. WA&index=5 • Ethos= credibility • Knowledgeable, fair, trustworthy, considerate • Logos = Logic • Reasonable, thoughtful • Pathos= Passion/Emotions • Positive feelings

3 Types of Persuasive Speeches 1. Question of Fact • 2. Makes a prediction, answer is not clear Question of Value • • 3. “Call to Action” Something should or should not be done Question of Policy • Often is a question of fact or value, but goes one step further to say what SHOULD be done

Science of Persuasion • What are the 6 universal principles of persuasion? • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=c. Fd. Cz. N 7 RYbw&list=PLg 0 Cr. C GHEqyl. Iisu_VO 9 f. D 3 ek 9 V 2 E 9 m. WA&index=2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Reciprocity (owing someone else) Scarcity (not having enough) Authority ( credible experts) Consistency (voluntary, public, active commitment) Liking (similar, compliment, cooperative) Consensus ( actions of others)

Examples of Persuasion Styles • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Al. Qpt 67 L 1 es&index=4&l ist=PLg 0 Cr. CGHEqyl. Iisu_VO 9 f. D 3 ek 9 V 2 E 9 m. WA • • • Bandwagon- everyone else is doing it Testimonial- celebrity endorsement Everyday Folks Emotional Appeal Snob Appeal

What are the magic words? • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=wfb. H 3 r. A 7 mw&list=PLg 0 Cr. CGHEqyl. Iisu_VO 9 f. D 3 ek 9 V 2 E 9 m. WA&index =1

Types of Persuasive Speeches

1. Question of Fact • Questions or statements that: • involve a prediction • the answers are not clear • Examples: • • • The Cardinals will win the super bowl this year TV violence causes real world violence Will ISIS try to act in the US? Will the economy improve next year? Is taking mega doses of vitamins beneficial?

2. Question of Value • argue that something should or should not be or some action should or should not be taken • Euthanasia, cloning, organic farming, gay marriage, • To persuade my audience not to drive over the speed limit • To persuade my audience that Pepsi is better than Coke. “ • "To persuade my audience that it is better to live together before marriage. "

3. Question of Policy • Arguing what should be, specific actions • Often involve questions of fact and value, but go beyond by including the word SHOULD • What measure should be taken to protect the US against ISIS? • Should same-sex marriages be legalized? • What should Arizona do to take care of its Veterans?

• The form is always: • "To persuade my audience that ______ should ________. • "To persuade my audience that the U. S. military should lift its ban on women in combat. " • "To persuade my audience that they should donate blood. “ • “To persuade AAEC that the dress code should allow sleeveless shirts”

Fact, Value or Policy • 1. To persuade my audience that the U. S. should adopt a mandatory youth service program. • Policy • 2. To persuade my audience that volunteering will make them feel better about themselves. • Value

• 3. To persuade my audience they should become Peace Corps volunteers. • Policy • 4. To persuade my audience that experience as volunteers will help them on the job market. • Fact

Policy Speeches • The first aims for passive agreement. • Just change your opinion • The second aims for personal action. • Call to actions • Do something (donate, contact)

Organizing a Persuasive Speech

• 1. Introduction • • Attention getter Reason to listen/credibility statement Position or Thesis Statement Review of Points • 2. Body of the Speech • 1 st main point • 2 nd main point • 3 rd main point • 3. Conclusion • Restate Position statement • Summarize your main points • What do you want your audience to do?

Choosing a Topic • Pick something that you feel strongly about • Should be a topic that has some debate or controversy associated with it • Smoking, Legalizing Marijuana, Abortion, Lower the drinking age • Immigration policy in the US OR • A topic that can be argued with evidence • Monster is the best energy drink ever! • AAEC SM is the best school in the district

Position or Thesis Statement • What point do you want to get across to your audience? • What is the main idea of your speech? • Statement that identifies the issue and your position on it. • Smoking has been proven to be just as dangerous to human health as illegal drugs and, therefore, should be classified as an illegal drug. • Murder is illegal under the constitution of the US, yet women are allowed to kill their unborn children everyday through abortion. This unethical act should be illegal because it is murder. • Based on sales of soft drinks around the world, Coca-Cola is the best soft drink.

Create Support For Your Position/Thesis • Now that you have your topic you need to determine the approach you will use to persuade your audience that you are right! • HOW WILL YOU ORGAINIZE YOUR SPEECH? • Problem-Solution Style 1. Show that there is a problem (why is it harmful, dangerous, etc) 2. Present a solution to the problem and Explain why your solution would be effective • Example: • You may chose to smoke and must live with the possibility of cancer of the tongue, lips, mouth, and lungs, emphysema, and dental problems. However, the people who are around you when you smoke don’t have the same choice. They are subject to the same negative health affects as the smoker, yet have no choice. Smoking cigarettes should be banned in all public areas and in homes that have minor children.

Create Support For Your Position/Thesis • HOW WILL YOU ORGANIZE YOUR SPEECH? • Demonstration that something is right/wrong • 1. Show it is right or wrong • Anything that kills is wrong • Anything that intrudes on our civil liberties is wrong • Kindness is always the best answer • 2. Show that your topic violates what is right based on your standard from the first point • Example: Humans come into existence when a male sperm and a female egg unite to form a zygote. This is the beginning of a new human being. According to the US Constitution murder is defined as the premeditated design to effect the death of a human being. If we accept this definition of murder than you must also accept that abortion is murder. Abortion is the premeditated design to effect the death of a human being growing in the womb of a female.

EVIDENCE • Now that you have your topic, you need to prove it! • Come up with EVIDENCE to support your point! • Should be valid, truthful • Statistics • Quotes from experts in the field • Examples Evidence should be cited in your speech! • “According to the Center for Disease Control there were 644 confirmed cases of measles in 27 states in 2015. ” • John Mitchel, the head of the legal department for the University of Arizona, stated that there has been a significant decrease in the number of rapes in the last 3 years since the implementation of Safety phones on campus.

Connecting with Your Audience • Remember that Persuasive speeches rely on you making a personal connection with your audience • Emotional Appeal • Make them feel for your cause • Stories, examples, hypothetical • Appeal to Reason • Use facts, statistics, and numbers to appeal to their need for information

What does the other side have to say? • When presenting a topic on a controversial issue it is wise to address what the other side of the argument has to say. • When you disprove the oppositions claims, or provide evidence as to why they are wrong this is called REFUTING the argument • If you include it in your speech, never be insulting , be straightforward about the issues and why they are wrong • If you don’t include it in your speech, be prepared to answer questions on it

How to Organize ? of Fact • Topically • Present compelling information to the audience and ask them to use reasoning to draw a conclusion (in speakers favor) • Be careful not to provide evidence with BIAS (in favor of one party)

Organizing Example Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience that life existed on Mars 3 billion years ago. Central Idea: Scientific analysis of a Martian meteorite found in Antarctica indicates that life existed on Mars 3 billion years ago.

Main Points: I. The meteorite contains a type of molecule that can result from the decomposition of living organisms. II. Crystals in the meteorite have the same shape as crystals formed by bacteria on Earth. III. Crystals in the meteorite also contain other key similarities to crystals found in 3 -billion-year-old fossils from Earth.

Example: • Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience that capital punishment is morally and legally wrong. • Central Idea: Capital punishment violates both the Bible and the U. S. Constitution. • Main Points: • I. Capital punishment violates the biblical commandment “Thou shalt not kill. ” • II. Capital punishment violates the constitutional

Organizing a Question of Policy • Organize topically • You must justify your claim • Back it up with factual information/data/statistics • Show the audience that your claim is right for them