PERSONALITY THEORY TYPE THEORY CARL GUSTAV JUNG CARL

PERSONALITY THEORY TYPE THEORY CARL GUSTAV JUNG

CARL GUSTAV JUNG • He was a strong supporter of Freud. • Later he established a separate school of psychology called Analytical psychology

CARL GUSTAV JUNG • • The Structure of Personality The total personality consists of number of differentiated but interacting systems. The ego i. e. , the Conscious mind Personal unconscious and its complexes Collective unconscious and its archetypes; the persona, the anima and animus, and the shadow.

CARL GUSTAV JUNG Structure of Personality Apart from the interdependent systems There are The attitudes of introversion and extraversion and the functions of thinking , feeling, sensing and intuiting. Finally there is the self, the centre of the whole personality.

EGO, THE CONSCIOUS MIND • Ego is the conscious mind It is made up of conscious perceptions, memories, thoughts and feelings. • It is responsible for one’s feeling of identity and continuity. • For the individual it is considered as centre of consciousness. • The vast unconscious lies below it.

PERSONAL UNCONSCIOUS • It lies beneath and very close to Conscious mind • It is highly individualistic and personal in nature. • It contains all the repressed desires, ideas, feelings, fears, guilt, anxieties, forgotten incidents, dreams, fantasies, and other private experiences that might occur in his lifetime.

PERSONAL UNCONSCIOUS • There is a great possibility of two-way traffic between the ego and personal unconsciousness.

COMPLEXES • A complex is an organized group of feelings, thoughts, perceptions and memories that exist in the personal unconsciousness. • It has a nucleus that acts as a kind of magnet attracting to it or “constellating” various experiences. • E. g. , mother complex

Collective or transpersonal Unconscious • It is one of the most original and controversial features of Jung’s personality thery. • It lies beneath the layer of Personal unconscious • It is the most powerful and influential system of the psyche. It over shdows ego and personal unconscious in pathological cases.

Collective or transpersonal Unconscious • All human beings have more or less the same collective unconscious • It contains the experience of the whole race gathered over millions of years specifically in the form of universal ideas or images called archetypes.

Archetypes • An archetype is a universal thought form (idea) that contains a large element of emotion. • Archetypes are the roots and bases of collective unconscious. • They represent the eternally inherited ideas and forms common to every generation. • They are available in old myths and fairy tales, folklores and religious traditions.

Archetypes • It is a permanent deposit of an experience in the mind that has been constantly repeated for many generations. • They are not necessarily isolated from one another in the collective unconscious. They interpenetrate and interfuse with one another.

Variety of Archetypes • There are many archetypes in the collective unconscious. • Archetypes of birth, rebirth, death, power, magic, unity, hero child, God, the demon, old wise man, the earth, mother, the animal • Primary and secondary • Following are the primary archetypes • Mother archetype • Father archetype • The hero archetype • Energy archetype

Variety of Archetypes • • • Following are the secondary archetypes Persona Animus Shadows

Persona • It is a mask adopted by the person in response to the demands of social convention and tradition and to his own archetypical needs. • It is the public personality in contrast with the private personality that exists behind the social facade.

Anima and Animus • Jung ascribed the feminine side of man’s personality and masculine side of women’s personality. • The feminine archetype in man is called the anima • The masculine archetype in woman is called the animus

Anima and Animus • These are the product of racial experiences of man with woman and woman with man.

Shadows • Shadow archetype consists of animal instincts that humans inherited in their evolution from lower forms of life. ( Jung 1948) • It is responsible for unpleasant and socially reprehensible thoughts, feelings and actions. • It is responsible for our conception of original sin

Self • The self is life’s goal that peoplle constantly strive but rarely reach. • It motivates human behaviour and causes one to search for wholeness especially through the background of religion. • It is the mid point of personality, around which all other systems are constalled. It holds these systems together and provides the personality with unity, equilibrium and stability.

Attitudes • He distinguished two major attitudes or orientations of personality, the attitude of extraversion and the attitude of introversion. • These two opposing attitudes are present in one’s personality. Ordinarily one of them is dominant and conscious and the other is subordinate and unconscious • If ego is predominantly extraverted, the personal unconscious will be introverted

Functions • Jung introduced two pairs of functions to account for the differences in th strategies people employ to acquire and process information. • They are • Thinking and feeling ( Rational functions) • Sensing and intuiting (Irrational functions)

Functions • • Thinking is ideational and intellectual Feeling is the evaluation function Sensing is the perceptual or reality function Intuition is perception by way of unconscious processes and subliminal contents

CARL GUSTAV JUNG • Jung devided all human beings basically in to two types Introvert and Extrovert • He used the concept libido in his system • He equated it with life urge or life energy responsible for every type of human activity including sex gratification.

CARL GUSTAV JUNG • For Jung libido is the life itself • It can turn an individual in to a writer , scientist, artist, mathematician as needed by him in his struggle for self actualization. • Libido may flow both ways- inward or outward. This flow decides the type of personality in which the individual belong.

CARL GUSTAV JUNG • Introvert • The person whom the libido or life energy flows inward are called introvert. • Introverts seek manifestation of their life through inner activities, i. e. , by going inward and searching things from within themselves. • .

CARL GUSTAV JUNG • Introvert • E. g. , philosophers, scientists, writers etc • Introverts are busy with their own thoughts • They are nor bothered about the physical stimulation and realities of their environment.

CARL GUSTAV JUNG • Extrovert • Person whom life energy i. e. , libido flows outward are called extrovert. • They seek manifestation of their life through activities related to the outerworld • They are successful in adjusting to the realities of their environment

CARL GUSTAV JUNG • Extrovert • They are socially active • They are more interested in leaving a good impression on others • Their behaviour is influenced by physical stimulation. • E. g. , politician, social workers, lawyers, insurance agents, salesmen etc.

CARL GUSTAV JUNG • A person need not be exclusively introvertor extrovert. • Both the tendencies are ordinarily present in the personality of an individual and one of them is found to be more dominant and making the individual a particular type. • A person may shift from one orientation to the other.

CARL GUSTAV JUNG Introvert Extrovert • Some times a person may appear to be a particular type but actually he may not be so.

CARL GUSTAV JUNG • Jung associated a person’s introvert and extrovert orientations with four main behavioural functions. • Thinking • Feeling • Sensation and • Intuition