PERSONALITY Classification of Personality Tests Unidimensional or Multidimensional

PERSONALITY

Classification of Personality Tests Uni-dimensional or Multi-dimensional n Theoretical or Psychometric (data reduction) n Factor Analysis or Criterion Reference Normal or Abnormal Traits n Group or Individual Administration n Oral or Written n Self/Other Report or Behavioral n Objective or Projective n

Evaluation of Personality Tests Construct n Developmental Information n Standardization Information n Norms n Administration Information n Psychometrics n reliability - validity - factor structure n Reviews

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) n n n n Original development 1940 –Hathaway & Mc. Kinley (MMPI-2 1989) MMPI-2 -RF 2008 Over 18 years MMPI -A – 1992 (adolescent) 14 – 18 yrs Clinical populations paper-pencil, computer or audio 35 -50 minutes About 338 questions

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2 -RF) n Criterion based (or data reduction) large pool of questions select appropriate criterion groups factor analysis

MMPI – 2 -RF scales 50 scales n 8 Validity scales n addiction scales n supplemental scales n

Problems with MMPI-2 Ø norms Ø inter-item consistency is low Ø high inter correlations between scores Ø validity Ø reading at 6 th grade Ø self-report

California Psychological Inventory-260 (CPI) Developed 1956 -- revised 2005 n assess normal adult personality n 260 true/false questions (1/2 from MMPI) n 30 -45 minutes n paper-pencil n normed on college students n

California Psychological Inventory (CPI) n 29 socially desirable behavioral tendencies Interpersonal styles self acceptance self control flexibility more positive than MMPI n used for educational, vocational, counseling n

16 Personality Factors - 16 PF Cattell - 1956 - last revised 2000 n data reduction by factor analysis n administer hundreds of questions and factor analyze responses = 16 factors n 185 items (true, ? , false) n 30 -60 minutes n 7 th grade reading level n computer or hand score n

16 Personality Factors - 16 PF Measures 16 primary personality traits n Heavily used in research n good reliability - test/retest n good validity - construct and criterion n lots of norms and profiles n used for career and vocational guidance n http: //www. pearsonassessments. com/tests/sixtpf_5. htm

16 factor scales 16 bipolar dimensions of personality n 5 global factors n u Extraversion u Anxiety u Tough-mindedness u Independence u Self-control n IM (impression management)

Revised NEO Personality Inventory NEO – PI-R Costa & Mc. Crae - 1985/1995 n Neuroticism n Extraversion n Openness n Agreeableness n Conscientiousness n

Are they the same factors? ? ? 16 factor scales n 5 global factors u Extraversion u Anxiety u Tough-mindedness u Independence u Self-control Revised NEO n n n Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Agreeableness Conscientiousness

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Isabel Briggs Myers and Katherine Briggs n 1940 s n Based on Jung’s personality dimensions n 126 forced choice questions n 20 -30 minutes n

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Heavily used in research n lots of validity studies n used in academic and counseling settings n vocational preferences n interpersonal interactions n

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (example of MBTI types) n Measures 4 dimensions of personality extroversion-introversion (EI) sensing-intuition (SN) thinking-feeling (TF) judgement-perception (JP) n combine into 16 personality types e. g. ESTJ

Keirsey Temperament Sorter – II KTS-II Similar to MBTI test profile - high validity – computerized - shorter n 4 Scales n (E)=Expressive vs. (I)=Attentive n (S)=Observant vs. (N)=Introspective n (T)=Tough-minded vs. (F)=Friendly n (J)=Scheduling vs. (P)=Probing

MBTI/KRT/images Scores? ? n ESFJ – (MBTI) n ISFJ – (KRT) n ENTP – ABAB n Reliability? ? n Validity? ? ? n Standardization? ? n