Personal Social and Emotional Development Psychology I Personal

Personal, Social, and Emotional Development Psychology I

Personal, Social, and Emotional Development • Physical Development: – Preschool years – Elementary school years – Adolescence and brain development • Individual (personal) Development: Erikson – Preschool years • Trust vs. Mistrust • Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt • Initiative vs. Guilt – Elementary and Middle school years • Industry vs. Inferiority – Adolescence • Search for identity v v Identity difussion Identity foreclosure Moratorium Identity achievement – Adulthood: beyond school years • Intimacy vs. Isolation • Generative vs. Stagnation • Integrity vs. Despair

Personal, Social, and Emotional Development • Social and Cultural Development: Bronfenbrenner – Bioecological model • Microsystem v Families q Divorce q Parenting styles q Culture and parenting v Peers q Peer cultures q Problems with peers q Peer aggression (bullies, relational aggresion, victims) q Social skills q Children with disabilities v Teachers q Academic and personal caring q Teachers and child abuse • Mesosystem • Exosystem • Macrosystem

Individual (personal) Development Physical Development Social and Cultural Development Emotional and Moral Development

• What memories and feelings do you have about your school life? What kind of friendships did you establish? Did you have any fears? If so, what kind?

Physical Development

The Preschool Years • Gross-motor skills • Fine-motor skills: coordination, small movements

Adolescence • Puberty (sexual maturation, but psychologically immature) • Advantages and Disadvantantages (boys, girls) • Concern about bodies (anorexia and bulimia) • Brain development (computational skills, behavior control, sleep, and nutrition)

Individual (personal) Development

Erikson’s psychosocial theory emphasized the emergence of the self, the search for identity, the individual’s relationships with others, and the role of culture throughout life.

The Preschool Years: Trust, Autonomy, and Initiative • Trust vs. Mistrust • Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt • Initiative vs. Guilt

The Elementary and Middle School Years: Industry vs. Inferiority • Preoperational concrete operational thinking • Trust new adults, act autonomously, initiate actions • Industry vs. Inferiority

Adolescence: The Search for Identity • Abstract thinking, understanding others’ perspectives. • Identity vs. Role confusion • Identity statuses: – Identity diffusion: “x” – Identity foreclosure: “whatever my father says” – Identity moratorium: “i know, but now” – Identity achievement: “now I want this… Maybe I’ll change later”

Adulthood: Beyond the School Years • Intimacy vs. Isolation • Generativity vs. Stagnatation • Integrativity vs. Despair

Social Development

Microsystem: Families • Different types of families • Divorce • Parenting styles: – Authoritarian parents: low warmth, high control – Authoritative parentes: High warmth, high control – Permissive parents: high warmth, low control – Rejecting / Neglecting parents: low warmth, low control

Mycrosystem: Peers • Peer cultures • Problems with peers: the different peer / prosocial behaviors. • Peer aggression: – Instrumental aggression – Hostile aggression • Overt aggression • Relational aggression • Bullies • Relational aggressions: verbal attacks • Victims: low-self esteem / highly emotional and hot-tempered • Social skills • Children with disabilities

Microsystem: Teachers • Academic and Personal caring • Teachers and Child Abuse