Persian Wars 490 BCE 479 BCE Copyright Clara
Persian Wars 490 BCE- 479 BCE Copyright © Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved.
Who Fought? • The Persians Fought against the Greeks – Persia was ruled by Darius and Xerxes – Greeks- Athenians, Spartans, Ionians
Persians VS Greeks
What caused the Persian War? • Persia controlled Ionia but Greeks were already living there. • in 499 BCE when Persian King Darius raised taxes, the Ionian Greeks got mad and revolted – Athens backed them up • Persians crushed the revolts
Causes • Darius wanted revenge on Athenians for helping so attacked mainland Greece.
Major Battles 1. Battle at Eretria– City north of Athens was burned by the Persians –Angered Athens asks Sparta for help
Major Battles 2. Battle of Marathon: Sparta and Athens work together – Persia- 25, 000 soldiers –Greeks- 10, 000 soldiers –Phalanx battle formation gave the Greeks the victory • 6, 400 Persians died • 192 Greeks died
Phalanx Formation
Pheidippides • Ran to Athens from Marathon = 26 miles • Told them of the victory • Died after giving the news * This is why marathons are now 26 miles!
Part 2: Persian War • 10 years later • Xerxes, son of Darius vowed revenge. • Brought between 100, 000 -300, 000 troops through a narrow mountain pass
Battle at Thermopylae • 3, 300 Greeks led by the Spartans held them off at a narrow pass in Thermopylae. – A traitor told Persians of another way around – Many Greeks retreat but 300 Spartans stood strong. – They all died
Battle at Salamis • Athens is evacuated and fought at sea. • Athenians had a powerful navy • Greeks fought with new ships called Trireme. – Triremes punched holes in Persian ships and sink a third of the ships.
Trireme
Battle of Plataea • While Athens crushed the Persians at Sea, Spartans were on the plain of Plataea and crushes the rest of the Persian army • Xerxes retreats
Battle Summary: Greeks 3 – Persians 3 Battle Winner Ionia Persia Eretria Persia Marathon Greece Thermopylae Persia Salamis Greece Plataea Greece
Effects of the Persian Wars • Greece victory creates a sense of unity • Athens had control of what was left of Greece through leadership of the Delian League. • Delian League- an agreement that the remaining Greek city states would help each other
Pictures Cited • • • • Slide 1 – http: //www. post-gazette. com/images 4/20070309 ho_leonidas_450. jpg Slide 2 – http: //i 166. photobucket. com/albums/u 117/mikey_albert_photos/leonidis. jpg Slide 3 – http: //www. the-toy-soldier. com/images/romans 4. jpg, http: //www. the-toysoldier. com/images/romans 2. jpg, http: //www. markchurms. com/Merchant 2/graphics/eagle-l. jpg Slide 5 – http: //tn 1 -2. pv. deviantart. com/fs 11/150/i/2006/183/c/e/wendy__s_revenge_by_bri_chan. jpg Slide 7 – http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Battleofissus 333 BC-mosaic. jpg Slide 9 – http: //joseph_berrigan. tripod. com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/greekinfantry. jpg, Slide 10 – http: //www. livius. org/a/1/greece/phalanx. jpg Slide 11 – http: //www. 300 spartanwarriors. com/images/719_Warner_Bros. _Frank_Miller_300__300 Spartan. Warriors. jpg Slide 12 – http: //newsimg. bbc. co. uk/media/images/39748000/jpg/_39748185_p_diddy_203. jpg Slide 13 – http: //i 85. photobucket. com/albums/k 46/mooshy_01/Xerxes. jpg Slide 14 - http: //sha 3 teely. com/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/300 movie 02. jpg Slide 16 – http: //students. mnmsa. org/~tkosanke/Thermopylae. jpg Slide 17 – http: //www. molossia. org/milacademy/salamis. jpg Slide 18 – http: //www. sikyon. com/Athens/images/salamis_battle. jpg Slide 19 – http: //students. ou. edu/E/Ryan. C. Emrick-1/greek_trireme. JPG
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