Perl and Bioinformatics Houston Perl Mongers What is
Perl and Bioinformatics Houston Perl Mongers
What is Bioinformatics? ● Term coined by Paulien Hogeweg in 1970 ● Storing, retrieving and analyzing biological data ● Interdisciplinary science
Why is it important? ● Big picture understanding of cellular activity ● Increase knowledge of biological processes ● Structural comprehension of various biological entities ● Efficient management of biological information
Anatomy of a cell
Chromatin
Nucleic Acids ● Polymers- commonly called strands ● Made of repeating chains of monomers called nucleotides ● Consist of three parts: sugar, phosphate and nucleobase
DNA Structure
Working with DNA and Nucleotides ● DNA is in every living thing on earth and more ● Each nucleotide can be represented by the first letter of it’s name
Counting Nucleotides GTGCAAACGCCAGTCTAGCCTCAAAGTTTCGCTAGGCGCTTTCCACCCAGGAAGATGAGCATAT GATGACATAGCCAAGATCGGCGCGTCGTTTGCCCAACTAGTTCGTCGGTAAGCTTTCTTGATGTC AGTGTCCCGTGGAGCTCGTGGCATGTACTGGGGCTCTGTCGTAGCAACATAACTCGCAA ACGACGCTGCTCCTAGGCTTTAATGGAAGTTTTCGAGTACCACCTGCTCTAAGACCTTTATCGTTC CCTCTCAGGTCCCTCCTATGTTTGTATGAATTGGTTGCACATCGTTTATCTTGCTCCGTTGATAAG AAGGACCCCGGTTTAAGTTGCCCTGCGATGTGGCGAGGATTGGTGGGCCCCAGATGGTTTCTTG ACAGGAGCAGGACCTTAGAGGCTTCTGGGGCCTAGCAATCAACCCGGCGTTCTGCGCCA CGCGAAGAGTGCACTCGTGGCTACAATAACCGCTCTGTAGTGCAGAGAGCCGCTGCTAGT ATGAGCAGATGATCGCGGCTAAGGCTGTTTCGAGCGATGAATTCTTAAAAATCTCACTGTTTTCTC GGGCTAATACTCGTCATTAGACACGGGACCTCGCGACAATGAGCTTTGATCGGACTTGAGACTTA GGATCCAGGCTTATGCACTGGCGACGTGAAACCAGCAGCCTTGTATGATCGTGTGGCTCCTAAC AATGTGACTGTTCATTGGTGAAGATGATAAGATGAAACGAATCTGTGCAAAGCAGTATGAACGAGCTACTGTACTCCTCACAGATGGAGTTTCAAGGGTTATAGTCTCTTGTTGACCTCTGGCTATT GGATCATCTCGAGCATGTATTGAAGTCAACGTTGCAGAGAATTACTCA
Another Nucleic Acid: RNA
Transcribing RNA TGCAAGTCGCGGTCGCCAGGCAGCGCAACGCATGGTAGGCTCGCACGATCATCTCGCGGTTTC CCTCGGTAGTTCCACCCTGGATGCAAGTGCTCCAGCACGTAGGCATCCCTTATTTTTTGAACGGT TTGACACTAAAGCTTATACAGCGTTTCGGTTGTAGTGTCGGCGTCTTTGCTGAGGTTCGAGTAAG ACGTTACGAGCCGTAGTATAGATGCTGCCTGACGTCTTGGCATCTCCCTATCAACCCGCCT ATTGAGTTGGCATTTTAGCAGACCCGGGTGCAGGAGGTCGCTCCGCGAGCACATACCCTTTTGC AACTCGGGGCTAGAACTGTCCAGTTGAGTCGGCTAGATGCGTTTGACTTTTCGGAGCGGG CTGCCACCTTCATCCTCCACTTCAACCAAAAGGTTTCCTTGATCAAGCAACTGTATGATGCGAGTA GGGACTCGCGAGAACGAAAACGCTACTGCGTGGTGGCCTCCCCCATCCGAGTGTCGTTAGCCT GAGTCTGAGATGTGTCGTGTTGGGTGTGGACATAGTTTCCGGCGAGGAGCCACAATGGCAGACC GGCACCGCAAAGGGTCGAGATGTTAGATGAATACTCAGGTTTTCCCACGCTCGAGAGGGGTATA GGACTACAAATCTTAGACGAGATACTTATTTGCTTGGAGGATGTCCTCCCCTGGATTCCGACCCT ATCTGTTTTCAATAGTGGACCTACGTTTCGTTGATTTGGGTTCTGCTGTAATCCGACTGACACTGC CTTTTCTCCCACTACCGAGGGATTCTGGCGGGCATTCTGAAGACACCTTCGAGGTCG ACTAATATTTAACGGAGATCTTGGTACTCCTCCGCATGTAGCATGTACTGTATCTCAGTTCG CAGGCACCGAACAGGGGAAGGACATGCCGTCTATATATCCCTCGATGTG
Making DNA 3 D ● DNA is made of 2 strands ● In the strand, each nucleobase has an opposite that it attaches to ● Each strands runs opposite to each other in a spiral- the 3 D part ; )
Nucleic Acid Mutations ● ● Mistake creating or copying Nucleic Acid Affects the entire cell Sometimes, mutations can be good Point mutation is a simple example
Munchkin Cat- Mutation for cuteness
Black Squirrel - recent genetic mutation
Counting Content ● Computing content of Guanine and Cytosine ● 2 members of same species are unique, but similar ● Counting GC content helps to identify species
Resources ● rosalind. info ● Bio Perl - bioperl. org
Questions? ?
Thank You!
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