Perinatal Risk Factors PSY 417 Schuetze Definitions Perinatal

Perinatal Risk Factors PSY 417 Schuetze

Definitions • Perinatal Period: 12 th week gestation through neonatal period • Neonatal Period: 1 st 4 weeks of life • Fullterm: 37 weeks gestation through 41 weeks • Preterm: Prior to 37 weeks gestation

Prematurity • Before 37 th week of gestation • 7 -10% of all live births • Extreme prematurity: Before 28 th week gestation

Low Birthweight (LBW) • LBW: less than 2500 grams (5 pounds, 8 ounces) • VLBW: less than 1500 grams (3 pounds, 5 ounces) • ELBW: less than 1000 grams • Micropremie: less than 800 grams • Small for Gestational Age (SGA): weight is below 10 th percentile for gestational age

Prevalence of LBW • 7. 2% of all live births • 70% are premature, 30% are fullterm SGA • 1. 3% are LBW

Survival Rates of LBW infants • 25% of infants between 500 and 750 grams • 50% between 751 and 1000 grams • 90% between 1001 and 1500 grams

Comorbidity • • • Cerebral disorders Cerebral Palsy Epilepsy Hypoglycemia Developmental Delays Learning Disabilities

Postmaturity • Pregnancy lasting beyond 41 -42 weeks gestation • Appearance: thickened, peeling skin; long, thin body; wrinkled facial expression • Increased number of perinatal compliations • Lower scores on scales of mental development during first year • Higher incidence of illness • Feeding problems, sleep disturbances