Perception The process of organizing and interpreting sensory

Perception The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information

Perceptual Organization: § Gestalt § an organized whole § tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes

Perceptual Organization § Figure and Ground § organization of the visual field into objects (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground)

Perceptual Organization § Grouping § the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups

Perceptual Organization: Grouping Principles

Perceptual Organization: (Closure) § Gestalt grouping principles are at work here.

Perceptual Organization n Depth Perception (seeing objects in 3 D) n n n Binocular cues n Retinal disparity: n Brain compares perception of both eyes for close objects Monocular cues Distance of object determines which is in effect

Perceptual Organization § Monocular Cues § § relative size § smaller image is more distant interposition § object that partially blocks another perceived as closer relative clarity § hazy object seen as more distant texture coarse --> close fine --> distant

Perceptual Organization § Monocular Cues (cont. ) § § relative height § higher objects seen as more distant relative motion § closer objects seem to move faster linear perspective § parallel lines converge with distance Light and shadow § the darker the farther away

Perceptual Organization n Perceptual Adaptation: n our brains ability to change its ideas and expectations about how things should be

Perceptual Organization: n Based on many factors: n n n n experience culture emotions beliefs context individual motivation perceptual sets

Pain n Biological influences Psychological influences Social-cultural influences = n Our pain experience

Extra Sensory Perception n Four main types: n telepathy n n thought transference from one person to another clairvoyance n the perception of objects, events, etc. , that do not provide stimulus to the known senses

Extra Sensory Perception n Four main types: n precognition n n perceptions of a future event psychokinesis n manipulation of objects by mental will without intervention of any known physical force