PERCEPTION Perception What is perception and how does
- Slides: 127
PERCEPTION!
Perception • What is perception and how does it influence our perspectives?
Perception • The process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting sensation
Perceptions Influenced by: ----motivation ----Values And ----Expectations Remember…your ----Experience brain takes ----Culture SHORTCUTS! ----Cognitive Style ----Personality
Selective Attention • focus of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
• Visual Capture –tendency for vision to dominate the other senses
Perception – tell your neighbor the definition! • The process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting sensation
Figure- Ground relationship • organization of the visual field into objects (figures)……… that stand out from their surroundings (ground) • Analyzing separate information allows us to re-act to each individual object accordingly
What is the figure, and what is the background here?
Camouflage • when figures blend into the background • No distinction between “figure” and “ground”
Cover one eye with a sunglass lens…
Gestalt Psychology – Gestalt Psychologists focus on how we normally perceive images as groups or as whole objects, objects not isolated elements – Our brain takes shortcuts!
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– Several factors influence how we will group objects: • Proximity • Similarity • Continuity • Closure
–proximity- group nearby figures together
–similarity- Objects that are similar in appearance are more likely to be perceived as belonging in the same group
continuity The tendency to Perceive continuous patterns
closure–The tendency to overlook incompleteness, and complete objects –We make them fit our preconceptions
Constancy –perceiving objects as unchanging despite changes in retinal image • There are three types of constancy cues: – Size Constancy – Shape Constancy – Brightness Constancy
Size Constancy • Objects closer to us will produce bigger images on our retinas, and as they move away they project a smaller image. The actual size of the object does not change
Shape Constancy • Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retina. Though we may change our position, the shape doesn’t change.
Brightness/Color Constancy • We perceive objects as having a constant color, despite lighting, shading, etc. – A brick wall is still red, whether bright sunlight is on it, or darkness has made it look gray.
We perceive the white as a constant whiteness, regardless of the shadow, when in reality, it is the same gray as the gray squares. . . trust me.
Depth Perception • Depth Cues allow us to perceive the world in three dimensions. – Monocular Cues are depth cues that do not depend on having two eyes working in conjunction together – Binocular Cues are depth cues that depend on having two eyes working in conjunction with each other
Monocular Cues • • Relative Height Relative Size Texture Gradient Interposition Relative Clarity/Shadowing Linear Perspective Relative motion/motion parallax
relative size • smaller image is more distant
texture gradient – coarse --> close fine --> distant –(Look at the floor beneath you, and then across the room)
Interposition/ Overlap • A closer object blocks a more distant object
relative clarity/shadowing • hazy object seen as more distant • Lighted objects seem closer • Darker objects seem further away
Relative Clarity
Shadowing • Notice the “perception” of depth changes when shading is reversed
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Relative Height • Objects higher in our field of vision are perceived as farther away • Vertical Dimensions are often perceived as longer than identical horizontal dimensions
Who’s farthest away? Who’s tallest?
linear perspective • parallel lines converge with distance
Vanishing Point – where two parallel lines connect in the distance
relative motion/ Motion Parallax • closer objects seem to move faster • (riding in a car, trees along the road vs. houses in the distance)
• Artists use these all the time to give their work a true feeling of depth • Trompe l'oeil
Check out this picture…
…from a different angle!
• Same drawing from another angle…
These visual tricks provide depth and dimension to artwork on walls
• Artwork inside houses
• And of course…. • Classical Art • Escaping Criticism, 1874, by Pere Borrell del Caso
Binocular Cues –convergence • neuromuscular cue • two eyes move inward for near objects (bring a pencil slowly toward your eyes- keep focusing on the pencil- feel your eyes move)
–(Retinal) Binocular disparity • images from the two eyes differ • closer the object, the larger the disparity • (Hold a pencil in front of you, close one eye, then close the other eye- you get two different images)
Binocular Depth Cues: Finger Sausage
Believe or not – there is a three dimensional hour glass in here!
REVIEW! • Do You Remember Your Depth Cues? ? ?
How many monocular depth cues can you spot? 1. Linear Perspective 2. Overlap/ interposition 3. Texture gradient 4. Relative size 5. Shadowing/ clarity 6. Relative height
Motion • Eye muscle activity • Changing retinal image • Contrast of the moving object and its stationary background • All combine to bring us the perception of motion
Motion • Stroboscopic Motion- timed flashing lights or moving pictures that give the illusion of movement
Factors That Influence Perceptual Interpretations • Perceptual Set –The tendency to perceive a person or a situation in a particular way due to our past experiences with similar persons or situations
Perpetual Set - UFO
• Original Image – what do you see?
• “this is the first blowup to just 500 times the original. . and addition of the cyan blue filter. . that will develop the interior of the ship”
“Below is the ship solarized and invert to find edges. . from the blue cyan filter. . this is just 500 times. . and for the abduction and cattle mutilation pix i had to go to 3000 times. . “
“from the solarized version. . i go to desaturation. . of color and then increase the enlargement. . ive found for myself it is better to have the photo in black and white to see the detail. . the colors are not as clear. . and btw some of the scenes in this are sexual. . i may eventually cut some out. . but these guys are certainly preoccupied with sex. . “ “NEXT IS CATTLE ABDUCTION FROM THE ABOVE PHOTO CUT>. ”
“this is one of the two first cuts i made and shows a horse being abducted and probably the usual cuts. . etc. . or perhaps just DNA research. . ” …see anything yet? It depends on your “perceptual set” I guess…
“Below is the same picture … only OUTLINED. . and i think you can compare and see what is happening. . and certainly the ANSWER to many of the CATTLE MUTILATIONS ETC. . but i don't believe all of them. . the LIz. ARDS on this planet also use the horse and animals for sacrifice and ritual. . and even HANG HORSES. . these are not NOT NICE CRITTERS WHO ABUSE AND USE ALL OF THE LIFE ON THIS PLANET IN DEROGATORY METHODS. . . the PRIESTESS is also sometimes considered to be a REPTILIAN PRINCESS WHO TAKE CHARGE OF MUCH OF WHAT HAPPENS ON AND OFF THIS PLANET. . ” “ABDUCTIONS SHOULD END” …regardless of our perceptions, I think we all can agree on that…
Perceptual Set! Right side of room – get ready to close your eyes!
Left side of the room - Get your pencil ready and be prepared to jot something in the margins of your notes! Right Side – Close those eyes!
Quick! Write down what you think this a drawing of
Everyone open your eyes!
Right side of the room - Get your pencil ready and be prepared to jot something in the margins of your notes! Left Side – Close those eyes!
Quick! Write down what you think this a drawing of
• Raise yourexpectations hand if you Our said…. Mouse! influence our perceptions! Mouse… …. Face • Raise your hand if you said…. Face!
Perceptual Illusions • When our normal, automatic perception processes guide us to processes the wrongguide conclusions us to the wrong • … because your brain takes conclusions what you perceive is • shortcuts, …because your brain takes not necessarily reality! shortcuts, what you perceive is not necessarily reality! Do you perceive a face?
Subliminal Perception • Thresholds imply that there must be stimulus below and beyond our current levels of detection. Can human behavior be influenced by stimulus that is below or beyond our level of awareness?
Study! STUDY! Subliminal messages • Public concern 1957 • A marketing researcher claimed dramatic increases in the sales of popcorn (58% increase!)when he flashed the phrase Despite public rage over the "Eat popcorn" for 1/2000 of a second possibilities of “mind control”, further research has shown no during a movie. evidence that subliminal messages influence out longterm behavior.
Extrasensory Perception = ESP • Some people claim to have extra powers of perception • Perception not with any of your physical senses but with your mind!
Parapsychology • The study of ESP and its many forms is known as Parapsychology • PARA means “alongside” • considered by many to be a “pseudoscience” Parapsychology includes the study of: telepathy, precognition, clairvoyance, psycho-kinesis, near-death experiences, reincarnation and I see dead people
Cover one eye with a sunglass lens…
- What does the word perception mean
- Chapter 5 sensation and perception
- Chapter 7 vision and perception
- Papi test
- Perception and individual decision making
- Figure ground perception
- Eudemonistic model example
- Perception and decision making in organizational behavior
- Subjective perception of vitality and feeling well
- Perceptual set ap psych
- Binocular disparity
- Perception and motivation
- What are sensations
- Sensation and perception crossword review
- Chapter 3 sensation and perception
- Sensation and perception
- Chapter 6 sensation and perception
- Copyright
- Sensation and perception in marketing
- Webers law
- Opponent process theory
- Five basic taste sensations
- Max martin kostick
- Max martn
- Chapter 8 sensation and perception
- A chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods
- Sensation and perception uu
- Horizontal e vertical
- Chapter 4 sensation and perception
- Chapter 3 sensation and perception
- Boy does nothing song
- Gregory's constructivist theory of perception
- Gestalt theory of perception examples
- Perception vs perspective
- Perception in psychomotor domain
- Objective perception
- Nature of perception
- Bem’s self-perception theory
- Self image vs self perception
- It is having a clear perception of your personality
- Self image vs self perception
- Self-concept
- Principle of context
- Different perspective
- Intrapersonal perception
- "perception is reality"
- Selective perception
- Questions on perception
- Perception of wealth
- Perception checking process
- Retinal disparity psychology
- Understanding harmony in the nature and existence
- Rooting reflex
- Types of perception
- Perception meaning in psychology
- Question mark perception
- Monocular depth cues of interposition
- Cues of depth perception
- Categorical perception
- Categorical perception psychology
- Intermodal perception
- Intermodal perception
- Intermodal perception
- Cognition vs perception
- Perception in nyaya philosophy
- Is size constancy a monocular depth cue
- Carolina visual perception kit
- Sense perception tok
- Bad news
- Student perception survey dps
- Perceptual system
- Sergiu nedevschi
- Perception checking process
- Prospect mill elementary school
- Hans werner sahm
- Process of perception
- Sensation et perception en psychologie
- Consumer perception process
- Perceptual screens examples
- Pillow method communication
- Monocular depth cue of interposition
- Fundamental forces in interpersonal perception
- Artifact example ap human geography
- Slocumb payne teacher inventory
- Levels of perception
- Levels of perception
- Perception gestalt principles
- Perception gestalt principles
- Perception
- Perceptual perception
- Approaches to perception
- Nepsy social perception
- Perceptual set
- Geschlechtsspezifische kommunikation
- New look bruner
- Dave grolsh
- Physiognomic perception
- Perception hci
- Perception gestalt principles
- Reversible figure ground relationship
- Eli-mp meaning
- Accommodation depth cue
- Social perception
- 6 9 perception
- Theories of hearing
- Perception des risques
- Perception des risques
- Verbs of perception ing or infinitive
- Perception
- Cerebral achromatopsia
- Calem
- Perception vs sensation
- Perception gap
- Ace institute of management
- Driving with night vision goggles
- Perception
- Color perception examples
- Perception checking definition
- Conclusion of perception
- A process of receiving selecting organizing
- Biological conditions are irrelevant to ego states
- Perception
- Theories of perception
- Perception 4 perfection
- Distal vs proximal
- Salutogeneses
- Risk perception theory
- How perception affects communication