Perancangan Basis Data THE DATABASE DESIGN LIFE CYCLE

The Database Design Life Cycle 2 The System Development Process Overview of Design Processes 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 3 The steps involved will vary depending on the methodology used: The traditional design method The Barker method Adapted design methods 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 4 The Traditional Design Method Most methodologies used today stem from that of the traditional method. Three of the primary phases involved in the traditional method are as follows: 1. 2. 3. Requirements analysis Data modeling Normalization 9/26/2020

The Traditional Design Method 5 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 6 The Traditional Design Method (Phase : Requirements analysis) Business requirements are the data, processes, and rules that comprise a business. One of the most important products of the requirements phase is an entity relationship diagram that illustrates the business model. Another product of the requirements phase is the process model. The process model gives the development team an idea of how data moves within the organization. Both the analysis ERD and the process models are included in the requirements document, which outlines all the needs for a system from the business perspective. 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 7 The Traditional Design Method (Phase : Data Modelling) Data modeling is the process of visually representing all the business requirements that were established during the requirements phase of the design process. Processes and entities that were previously defined are now defined in more detail. The basic ERD is detailed to include attributes within each entity. Attributes might be assigned different properties that dictate the specific type of data to be stored. All the business needs that were gathered during the requirements phase and molded into a logical data model are now converted into a physical database model. 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 8 The Traditional Design Method (Phase : Normalization) Normalization is important because it reduces the amount of redundant data in the database. 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 9 The Barker Method The Barker method was named after Richard Barker, a board director of Oracle Corporation Richard Barker was responsible for the initial effort to design Oracle’s automated design tool (formerly referred to as a CASE tool), which is now referred to as Oracle Designer The Barker method involves the following seven phases: 1. Strategy 2. Analysis 3. Design 4. Build 5. Documentation 6. Transition 7. Production 9/26/2020

The Barker Method 10 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 11 The Barker Method (Phase : Strategy) As in the requirements phase of the traditional method, the strategy phase of the Barker method addresses the needs of the business. During the strategy phase, two different types of diagrams might be produced: a strategy ERD and process flow diagrams 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 12 The Barker Method (Phase : Analysis) At this point, the focus is on the end users’ needs and business requirements. The main deliverables of the analysis phase are : an analysis ERD, a function hierarchy diagram, DFD, and requirements document. 9/26/2020

Functional Hierarchy Diagram 13 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 14 The Barker Method (Phase : Design) During the physical design of the database, business entities are converted into database tables. Entity attributes are converted into table columns. During the design phase, all data types and constraints must be completely defined for the database model. In design, all the finishing touches are applied to the proposed database that has been designed. 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 15 The Barker Method (Phase : Build) Building the database involves the actual creation of the database that has been designed in the physical database environment. For example, a CREATE TABLE statement was generated for the employee table based on the definition of the employee table from the physical database model. The database should never be implemented into the production environment without first being tested thoroughly 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 16 The Barker Method (Phase : Documentation) Two types of documentation that should be devised for an information system: system documentation and end-user documentation. 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 17 The Barker Method (Phase : Transition) The basic processes that must take place during the transition phase include: product testing, loading or converting data, and end-user training. 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 18 The Barker Method (Phase : Production) In the production implementation phase, both the database and the application that have been designed are ported to a production environment. 9/26/2020

The System Development Process 19 Adapted Design Methods The Oracle Designer adapted design method is outlined in the following steps: 1. Strategy 2. Pre-analysis 3. Analysis 4. Pre-design 5. Design 6. Build 7. Test 8. Implementation 9. Maintenance 9/26/2020

20 Any Question ? 9/26/2020