Pendahuluan Copyright 2001 by Harcourt Inc All rights

Pendahuluan Copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. All rights reserved. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to: Permissions Department, Harcourt College Publishers, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, Florida 32887 -6777.

Economy. . . The word economy comes from a Greek word for “one who

A household an economy face many decisions: u. Who will work? u. What goods and how many of them should be produced? u. What resources should be used in production? u. At what price should the goods be sold? Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.

Society and Scarce Resources: The management of society’s resources is important because resources are

Economics is the study of how society manages its scarce resources. Harcourt, Inc. items

Economists study. . . u. How people make decisions. u. How people interact with each other. u. The forces and trends that affect the economy as a whole. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.

Microeconomic Theory …. …. . Economic activity and nature of economic relation with applying of microeconomic principle at problem of real decision making Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.

Aspek 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Bagaimana dan mengapa satuan-satuan ekonomi membuat keputusan. Bagaimana satuan-satuan ekonomi berinteraksi membuat satuan yag lebih besar berkait dengan pasar dan industri Tingkah laku penjual dan pembeli di pasar Berbagai teknik analisis dan penerapannya Opportunity cost sebagai konsekuensi pilihan Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.

Asumsi Self interested behavior n Rational behavior n Gains of trade benefit-cost analysis n

Economic goods VS free goods / public goods Eclusion Rivalry Non Eclusion Barang ekonomi: Sandang, papan, pangan dll Semi Public: Nonton gratis Semi ekonomi: Jalan tol Barang public: keamanan Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.

Tipe-tipe Analisis Ekonomi Mikro 1. Analisis Positif dan Normatif Positif pernyataan yang berkaitan dengan faktor-faktor yang berlaku di masyarakat Normatif pandangan subyektif yang dipengaruhi banyak faktor. 2. Analisis komparatif, statis dan dinamis 3. Analisis jangka pendek dan jangka panjang 4. Analisis keseimbangan parsial dan umum Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.

Unsur-unsur penting dalam aktivitas ekonomi: 1. Keinginan manusia 2. Sumberdaya 3. Cara-cara berproduksi Harcourt,

Every field of study has its own terminology Mathematics axioms integrals vector spaces Psychology ego id torts Law Promissory estoppel venues Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. cognitive dissonance

Every field of study has its own terminology Economics Supply Opportunity cost Elasticity Consumer Surplus Comparative advantage Demand Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. Deadweight loss

The Scientific Method u. Uses abstract models to help explain how a complex, real world operates. u. Develops theories, collects, and analyzes data to prove theories. Observation, Theory and More Observation! Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.

Economic Models Economists use models to simplify reality in order to improve our understanding of the world u Two of the most basic economic models include: u The Circular Flow Model u The Production Possibilities Frontier u Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.

The Circular-Flow Diagram Revenue Goods & Services sold Market for Goods and Services Firms Inputs for production Wages, rent, and profit Spending Goods & Services bought Households Market for Factors of Production Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. Labor, land, and capital Income