Pectineus Innervation Femoral Nerve Origin Pectineal line of

Pectineus • Innervation • Femoral Nerve • Origin • Pectineal line of the pubis • Insertion • Along the pectineal line of the femur, between the lesser trochanter and the linea aspera • Blood supply • Medial femoral circumflex branch of the deep femoral artery

Pectineus • How to find the muscle • Find the origin by locating the pectineal line of the pubis • A ridge on the superior ramus of the pubic bone (Figure A) • Find the insertion by probing the inferior side of the femur intermediate to the lesser trochanter and linea aspera. This will be the pectineal line of the femur (Figure B) • How to find the nerves • Anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve can be found longitudinally adjacent to the great saphenous vein. • How to find the vessels • Visualize the posterolateral aspect of the femoral artery 3 -4 cm inferior to the inguinal ligament to find the profunda femoris artery. • The lateral and medial femoral circumflex arteries branch from the profunda femoris. Fig. A Fig. B

Adductors • Consist of the longus, brevis and magnus • Innervation • Obturator Nerve • Origins • Various • Insertions • Various • Blood supply • Obturator Artery • Deep Femoral Artery • Medial Circumflex Femoral

Adductors • Longus • How to find the muscle • Find the origin by probing the anterior pubic crest at the symphisis. • Find the insertion on the posterior femur in the central third of the linea aspera • How to find the nerves • Deep to the pectineus is the obturator canal in which lies the obturator nerve. Can also be found by cutting the adductor longus 3 cm below its origin. Reflection of the distal part will display its motor nerve entering the deep surface. • How to find the blood vessels • The deep femoral can be found anterior to the pectineus in the femoral triangle. It continues along the surface of the adductor brevis muscle adjacent to the femoral diaphysis. • The obturator artery can be found as it branches anteriorly and posteriorly at the obturator foramen.

Adductors • Brevis • How to find the muscle • Find the origin between the gracilis and the obturator externus on the outer surface of the inferior pubic ramus. • Find the insertion along the pectineal line of the femur and upper pat of the linea aspera behind the pectineus. • What nerves innervate it? • Obturator Nerve • What blood vessels supply it • Deep femoral artery • Obturator Artery

Fig. B Adductors • Magnus • How to find the muscle • Posterior to the adductor longus • Origin found on the inferior ramus of the pubis as well as the ischial ramus and tuberosity • Insertion is located on the medial lip of the upper two thirds of the linea aspera • What nerves innervate it? • Obturator Nerve • What blood vessels supply it • Deep femoral artery • Obturator Artery • Medial Femoral Circumflex Fig. A

Gracilis • Innervation • Obturator Nerve • Origin • Body of the pubis and the adjacent inferior pubic ramus • Insertion • Upper part of the medial surface of the tibia below the medial condyle • Blood supply • Obturator Artery

Gracilis • How to find the muscle • Long, narrow and flat • Origin sits inferior to the origin of the adductor longus • Insertion is medial tendon that stretches over the medial condyle of the femur and attaches between the sartorius and the semitendinosus • What nerve innervates it • Obturator Nerve • What blood vessels supply it • Obturator Artery

Obturator externus • Innervation • Obturator Nerve • Origin • Medial part of the outer surface of the obturator membrane and the medial margin of the obturator foramen • Obturator membrane is a thin fibrous sheet that nearly closes off the obturator foramen • Insertion Fig. A • Trochanteric fossa of the femur • Blood supply • Obturator Artery • Inferior Gluteal Artery • Medial Circumflex Femoral • Lateral Circumflex Femoral Fig. B