Pearsons Comprehensive Medical Assisting Administrative and Clinical Competencies

Lesson Objectives Upon completion of this lesson, students should be able to: 1. Define

Lesson Objectives Upon completion of this lesson, students should be able to: 4. List

Overview of the Urinary System • Urinary system consists of organs that produce and

Overview of the Urinary System • Some organs of urinary system share structures of

FIGURE 31 -1 The urinary system: kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical

Organs of the Urinary System • Kidneys § Bean-shaped organs § Located at back

FIGURE 31 -2 (A) Sectioned kidney; (B) renal artery and vein. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical

Organs of the Urinary System • External Structure of the Kidney § Hilum •

Organs of the Urinary System • Internal Structure of the Kidney § Renal cortex

Organs of the Urinary System • Internal Structure of the Kidney § Renal medulla

Organs of the Urinary System • Nephrons § Functional units of kidney § About

Organs of the Urinary System • Nephrons § Each nephron contains a renal corpuscle

FIGURE 31 -3 The structure of a nephron. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright ©

Organs of the Urinary System • Nephrons § As blood flows into glomerulus, nephron

Organs of the Urinary System • Nephrons § Consists of proximal convoluted portion, loop

Organs of the Urinary System • Ureters § Two muscular tubes that carry urine

Organs of the Urinary System • Urinary Bladder § Muscular sac in pelvic cavity

Organs of the Urinary System • Urinary Bladder § When bladder is empty, it

Organs of the Urinary System • Urethra § Tube of muscle and membrane extending

Organs of the Urinary System • Urethra § Three sections • Prostatic • Membranous

Organs of the Urinary System • Urethra § In females, urethra approximately 3 cm

Urine • Formation of urine three processes: § Filtration § Reabsorption § Secretion •

Urine • Adult feels need to void (urinate) when bladder contains 300 to 350

Urine • Physical Characteristics of Urine § 1, 000 to 1, 500 m. L

Questions? Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative

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Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting Administrative and Clinical Competencies THIRD EDITION CHAPTER 31 The Urinary System Lesson 1: Overview of the Urinary System Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Lesson Objectives Upon completion of this lesson, students should be able to: 1. Define and spell the terms to learn for this chapter. 2. Describe the purpose and function of the urinary system. 3. Identify the structure and function of the individual organs of the urinary system. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Lesson Objectives Upon completion of this lesson, students should be able to: 4. List and discuss the three processes involved in the formation of urine. 5. Explain the normal constituents of urine. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Overview of the Urinary System • Urinary system consists of organs that produce and excrete urine from the body. • Vital to maintaining homeostasis because it removes waste products from bloodstream. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Overview of the Urinary System • Some organs of urinary system share structures of reproductive system. • Urinary system also called genitourinary system. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

FIGURE 31 -1 The urinary system: kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Kidneys § Bean-shaped organs § Located at back of abdominal cavity, against muscles of the back, on either side of spinal column § Three capsules surround each kidney • True capsule • Adipose capsule (perirenal fat) • Renal fascia Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

FIGURE 31 -2 (A) Sectioned kidney; (B) renal artery and vein. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • External Structure of the Kidney § Hilum • Located on concave border of each kidney • Entrance for renal artery and vein, nerves, and lymphatic vessels • Opening for ureter, which connects with renal pelvis in the kidney § Renal pelvis: saclike collecting area for urine Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Internal Structure of the Kidney § Renal cortex • Soft and dense • Outermost layer of internal structure of kidney Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Internal Structure of the Kidney § Renal medulla • Deep within cortex • Contains cone-like structures called renal pyramids • Pyramids formed of tubes to transport urine Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Nephrons § Functional units of kidney § About a million in each kidney § Help body maintain fluid balance by regulating amount of fluid and electrolytes reabsorbed into blood and amount excreted Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Nephrons § Each nephron contains a renal corpuscle and a tubule § Renal corpuscle consists of glomerulus and Bowman's capsule Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Nephrons § As blood flows into glomerulus, nephron removes waste materials discarded via tubule § Tubule extends from Bowman's capsule Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Nephrons § Consists of proximal convoluted portion, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted portion, which opens into collecting tubule § Connecting tubule transports discarded waste products (urine) to renal pelvis and then emptied into the ureters Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Ureters § Two muscular tubes that carry urine from kidneys down to bladder § Composed of three layers • Inner mucous membrane • Middle coat of smooth muscle • Outer fibrous tissue § Each ureter approximately 8 to 12 inches long Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Urinary Bladder § Muscular sac in pelvic cavity § Serves as reservoir for urine § Wall of bladder made up of four layers: • • Innermost layer of epithelium Lamina propria Muscular propria Perivesicle fat Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Urinary Bladder § When bladder is empty, it feels firm because walls are thick § As bladder fills, it stretches and walls become thinner § Bladder holds approximately 16 ounces of urine Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Urethra § Tube of muscle and membrane extending from bladder to urinary meatus, external opening of urinary system § Male urethra approximately 20 cm (7 inches) long and transports both urine and semen Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Urethra § Three sections • Prostatic • Membranous • Penile Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Organs of the Urinary System • Urethra § In females, urethra approximately 3 cm (1. 2 inches) long § External opening situated between clitoris and opening of the vagina § In females, urethra transports only urine Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Urine • Formation of urine three processes: § Filtration § Reabsorption § Secretion • Consists of 95 percent water and 5 percent solid substances Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Urine • Adult feels need to void (urinate) when bladder contains 300 to 350 m. L of urine • Medical term for urination is micturition Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly

Urine • Physical Characteristics of Urine § 1, 000 to 1, 500 m. L of urine voided daily § Normal urine: • • • Clear (not cloudy) Straw colored Mildly aromatic odor Specific gravity of 1. 003 to 1. 030 Slightly acidic p. H of about 6 Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Copyright © 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 3/e All Rights Reserved Beaman | Routh | Papazian-Boyce | Sesser | Mills | Maly