Peace Without Victory Chapter 18 section 4 notes

Peace Without Victory Chapter 18 section 4 notes

Vocabulary �Please define the key terms and important people on pg. 606

Casualties of the war �http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/World_War_I_casualti es

14 points �The scale of destruction and massive loss of life was shocking �President Wilson wanted “a just and lasting peace” to ensure that a war like the Great War would never happen again �Wilson outlined his vision for peace in a speech to congress �His plan was called the Fourteen Points

14 points �Points 1 -4 dealt with open diplomacy, freedom of the seas, removal of trade barriers, and reduction of military �Point 5 proposed a fair system to resolve disputes over colonies �The next 8 points dealt with self-determination (right of people to decide their own political status) � 14 th point- establish a League of Nations �Organization of nations that would work to settle disputes, protect democracy and prevent future wars

Paris Peace Conference �He attended the peace conference that began in Paris in January 1919 �He was the first U. S. president to visit Europe while in office �Some back home criticized him for leaving

The conference opens �Paris Peace Conference began on January 12, 1919 �Leaders from 32 nations attended �Leaders of the allied nations dominated the negotiations �President Woodrow Wilson-U. S �Prime Minister David Lloyd George- Great Britain �Premier George Clemenceau- France �Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando- Italy THESE BECAME KNOWN AS THE ‘BIG FOUR’

BIG FOUR Lloyd George, Orlando, Clemenceau, Wilson

Conflicting needs �Wilson had a vision of a better world �Other Allies wanted to punish Germany �Some wanted land �Others wanted independence

The Treaty of Versailles �Forced Germany to disarm its military �Required Germany to pay reparations �Germany had to accept full responsibility for the war �They had to surrender their colonies to the allied nations �Germany protested the terms of the treaty �Germany officials signed the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919

The Fight over the treaty �President Wilson returned to the U. S. to get the approval of the Senate �The Senate divided into three groups: 1. Group that wanted to approve it immediately 2. Group that would approve it if corrections were made 3. Group that urged outright objection

The fight continued � Wilson decided to travel the country giving speeches urging the public to convince the Senate to approve the treaty � While on the road, Wilson collapsed and suffered a stroke � He never recovered � The United States never joined the League of Nations � Without the U. S. , the League’s ability to keep world peace was uncertain

The Impact of World War I � 14 million dead � 7 million disabled �$280 billion

Impact �Political Impact- overthrow of monarchies �Economic Impact- U. S. emerged as a world power �Social Impact- women joining the workforce led to the passage of the 19 th amendment �Impact on Europe- lost an entire generation of men, Europe was in ruins, reparations on Germany were crippling �This was not the war to end all wars. Too many issues were left unresolved and there was too much anger.