Peace to End All Peace The Making of

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"Peace to End All Peace": The Making of the Modern Middle East

"Peace to End All Peace": The Making of the Modern Middle East

I. Introduction · War and the Collapse of the Ottoman Empire

I. Introduction · War and the Collapse of the Ottoman Empire

II. Zionism, Nationalism, and Imperialism A. The Emergence of the Zionist Movement B. The

II. Zionism, Nationalism, and Imperialism A. The Emergence of the Zionist Movement B. The Early Zionists 1. Leo Pinsker, Auto-Emancipation (1882) 2. Theodor Herzl, Der Judenstaat (1896)

II. Zionism 3. The Second Aliyah C. Arab Nationalism?

II. Zionism 3. The Second Aliyah C. Arab Nationalism?

III. The Outbreak of World War I A. The Guns of August B. Stalemate

III. The Outbreak of World War I A. The Guns of August B. Stalemate on the Western Front

IV. War Comes to the Middle East A. Germany Gains an Ally B. The

IV. War Comes to the Middle East A. Germany Gains an Ally B. The British and French Respond C. Disaster 1. Kut (April 1916) 2. Gallipoli (April 1915 -December 1915)

V. Diplomatic Maneuverings A. The Amir Husayn 1. The Husayn-Mc. Mahon Correspondence (1916) B.

V. Diplomatic Maneuverings A. The Amir Husayn 1. The Husayn-Mc. Mahon Correspondence (1916) B. Zionists 1. Balfour Declaration (1917)

V. Diplomatic Maneuverings C. France, Russia, and Britain 1. Sykes-Picot Agreement (1916)

V. Diplomatic Maneuverings C. France, Russia, and Britain 1. Sykes-Picot Agreement (1916)

VI. Allied Victory A. Palestine/Syria (1917 -1918) B. Iraq (1918) C. Armistice (October 1918)

VI. Allied Victory A. Palestine/Syria (1917 -1918) B. Iraq (1918) C. Armistice (October 1918)

VI. The Making of the Modern Middle East A. Versailles, 1919 1. Wilson’s 14

VI. The Making of the Modern Middle East A. Versailles, 1919 1. Wilson’s 14 Points B. San Remo (April 1920) 1. Mandates 2. Turkey

VI. The Making of the Modern Middle East C. Resistance 1. Egypt and Iraq

VI. The Making of the Modern Middle East C. Resistance 1. Egypt and Iraq 2. French Syria 3. Turkey

VI. The Making of the Modern Middle East D. The “Settlement of 1922” 1.

VI. The Making of the Modern Middle East D. The “Settlement of 1922” 1. Turkey 2. Syria and Lebanon 3. Hashemite Iraq and Jordan a. Kuwait

VI. The Making of the Modern Middle East 4. 5. 6. 7. British Palestine

VI. The Making of the Modern Middle East 4. 5. 6. 7. British Palestine Egypt The Hejaz Competing Nationalist Claims

Sykes-Picot Agreement

Sykes-Picot Agreement

Theodor Herzl

Theodor Herzl

The Post-Ottoman Middle East

The Post-Ottoman Middle East

VII. Conclusion • Today’s Problems

VII. Conclusion • Today’s Problems