Pc technology 1940 The Complex Number Calculator United

Pc technology

1940 – The Complex Number Calculator (United States) • In 1937, Bell Lab’s George Stibitz created a relaybased calculator, the Model K (named after the kitchen table on which he built it). Stibitz then led a team that produced the Complex Number Calculator , capable of performing calculations on complex numbers. In 1940, he appeared at an American Mathematical Society conference at Dartmouth College and performed calculations remotely on the CNC in New York City – the first demonstration of remote access computing.

1941 – The Z 3 (Germany) • Unaware of developments in the rest of the world, Konrad Zuse developed the Z 3, the first fully automatic, programmable computing device. Using 2300 relays and a 22 -bit word length, it’s considered one of the world’s first computers. The original Z 3 was destroyed in an Allied bombing raid on Berlin in 1943. Zune supervised construction of a replica in the 1960 s, which is on display at the Deutsches Museum in Munich.

1943 – Project Whirlwind (United States) • The Whirlwind computer began in 1943 at MIT as a flight simulator for the US Navy’s bombing crew training. The developers rejected the analog computer prototype because of its inaccuracies, but moved to a digital computer after seeing a demonstration of the ENIAC. While the Navy was no longer interested in the project by the time it finished in 1951, the Air Force was. It led to the Navy’s Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) system. Whirlwind’s technology led indirectly to business computers and minicomputers in the 1960 s. It also led to the founding of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) by Ken Olsen, who rescued the original Whirlwind from the scrap heap.

1946 – Electronic Numeric Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) (United States) • Originally funded by the US Army during World War II, ENIAC was originally designed to calculate artillery-firing positions for the US Army’s Ballistic Research Laboratory. Instead, it was first used by designers John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert in calculations for the hydrogen bomb program. The ENIAC was 1, 000 times faster than contemporary machines — a leap in computing power that has never been duplicated. Upon its public unveiling in 1946, it was dubbed the “Giant Brain. ” Today it’s considered the first general-purpose computer.

1948 – Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (United States) • IBM’s SSEC was the first operating computer to use both electronic computation and stored instructions — and was the first computer to run stored programs (although it wasn’t fully electronic). Measuring 25 feet by 40 feet, the SSEC was capable of 50 multiplications per minute. In 1948 it was located on the ground floor of IBM’s main office building in New York City, in full view of the public. It remained there until 1952, when it was taken apart and replaced by an IBM 701 computer. NASA used moon-position tables based on those generated by the SSEC for the Apollo 11 moon landing mission.

1971 – Kenbak-1 (United States) • The Kenbak-1 is considered to be the first personal computer (although the Datapoint 2200 may have been invented or sold first, precise dates don’t exist). Invented by John Blankenbaker of the Kenbak Corp. , it used off-the-shelf components, had a 256 -byte memory, and sold for $750. To program it, users entered pure machine code with switches and buttons and received output through a series of lights. The company folded in 1973 after selling 40 units.

1981 – Osborne 1 – The First Laptop Computer • Osborne 1 is usually considered to be the first true portable computer. Adam Osborne, an exbook publisher founded Osborne Computer and produced the Osborne 1 in 1981. It weighed 24 pounds and cost $1795. The Osborne 1 came with a five-inch screen, modem port, two 5 1/4 floppy drives, a large collection of bundled software programs, and a battery pack. Unfortunately, the short-lived computer was never successful, giving way to developments from Epson, IBM and Radio Shack over the next few years.

1988 – Ne. XT (United States) • After leaving Apple, Jobs founded Ne. XT. Introduced in 1988, its first computer was a commercial failure but was hailed for its innovative and influential Ne. XTSTEP object-oriented OS and development environment. It was also the first personal computer to include a drive for an optical storage disk and voice recognition technology. Ne. XT released Ne. XTSTEP as the Open. Step programming environment, developing OPENSTEP as its own Openstep implementation. It also developed Web. Objects, one of the first enterprise web application frameworks. Apple bought Ne. XT in December 1996, using OPENSTEP as the basis for much of the current Mac OS X system.

1991 – Macintosh Power. Book • In 1991, Apple introduced the original Power. Book, which came in three models: Power. Book 100, Power. Book 140, and Power. Book 170. The Power. Book used an internal SCSI harddrive and was able to read and write standard MS-DOS 1. 44 MB floppy disks. As the first really useful portable Macintosh computers, the Power. Books were a great success, selling over 100, 000 in the first three months alone, and sales in excess of $1 billion in the first year. In February 2005, Mobile PC magazine named the Power. Book 100 its choice as the “#1 gadget of all time. ”

2016 laptops • The HP Stream 11 is an extraordinarily cheap Windows 8. 1 laptop. It costs less than £ 200, and comes bundled with a one-year subscription to Office 365 Personal that’s worth £ 60. In short, it’s perfect for students and families on a tight budget. • • It’s good-looking too, and small and light enough to comfortably carry around in any standard messenger bag. The screen is an average 11. 6 -inch, 1, 366 x 768 affair, but it gets the job done and is complemented by an excellent keyboard and loud, clear speakers. The HD webcam is also more than good enough for Skype calls.

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