Patriarch The father leader of a family clan

Patriarch The father leader of a family, clan or nation

Patriarchs of Israel Abraham Isaac Jacob (Israel) The Patriarchs are the traditional common ancestors of the tribes of Israel. Photo by Grandin Donovan Ieud Church, Romania

The Torah “Pentateuch” Five Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Authorship ascribed to Moses “Books of the Law” or “Books of Moses” Photo by Willy Horsch

Abraham COVENANT with Yahweh

Covenant A Solemn Contract or Oath YAHWEH ABRAHAM -Will make Abraham and his descendants a great nation. -Promised Land -Will obey Yahweh -Descendants will obey Yahweh

Abraham’s Offspring Hagar Sarah Ishmael Isaac (Slave) (Elder) (Wife) (Younger)

But Ishmael would foster a great nation, as well. Hagar and Ishmael in the Desert, by Grigoriy Ugrumov (c. 1785)

Ishmael. . . Muhammad Muslims also hold Ishmael to be an ancestor of the Prophet Muhammad.

The Sacrifice of Isaac

The Sacrifice of Isaac by Caravaggio

Muslim art depicting the Sacrifice of Ishmael.

Ethnocentrism The attitude that one’s own group, ethnicity, or nationality is superior to others

Xenophobia Intense or irrational dislike or fear of people from other countries

Isaac Rebekah Esau Jacob Primogeniture The right of succession belonging to the firstborn child

Isaac CO Rebekah VEN Esau AN T Jacob HOW? ? ?

Jacob’s Ladder Angels Ascending & Descending William Blake, Jacob's Ladder

Israel “God Wrestler” “Your name is no longer Jacob. From now on it's Israel; you've wrestled with God and you've come through. “ -- Genesis 32 Eugène Delacroix, Jacob Wrestling with the Angel

Leah Bilhah Reuben Dan Simeon Naphtali Levi Judah Issachar Zebulun JACOB Rachel Zilpah Joseph Gad Manasseh Ephraim Asher Benjamin The Sons of Jacob Judah appears purple because the kings of the Davidic Line were from this tribe. Click to enlarge Green denotes children Jacob fathered through his wives’ maidservants.

Asher Naphtali Zebulun Joseph Issachar Twelve Tribes of Israel Manasseh Joseph Ephraim Dan Gad Benjamin Reuben Judah Simeon Click to enlarge Levi The Sons of Jacob

Joseph Jacob’s Favorite Photo by Tanya Hart

JEALOUSY Jacob’s other sons hated Joseph for being their father’s favorite and threw him down a well and sold him to slave traders, who took him to Egypt.

How did the Israelites get to Egypt? • Joseph was sold into slavery by his brothers.

How did the Israelites get to Egypt? • Joseph was sold into slavery by his brothers. • He rose to become the 2 nd in command to the Pharaoh. • When famine came, his brothers came to Egypt to get food. • The Pharaoh let Joseph move all of his family into Egypt. • That Pharaoh died, Joseph’s family grew, and they were enslaved.

The Hebrews in Egypt GOSHEN According to the Book of Exodus, the Hebrews settled in the land of Goshen – a fertile area in the Nile Delta. Map Credit: Sémhur

Until they were ENSLAVED Photo by Hanay

Then Joseph died, and all his brothers… But the children of Israel kept on reproducing… the land was filled with them. A new king came to power in Egypt who didn't know Joseph. He spoke to his people in alarm, "There are way too many of these Israelites for us to handle. We've got to do something…” So they organized them into workgangs and put them to hard labor under gang-foremen. They built the storage cities Pithom and Rameses for Pharaoh. -- Exodus 1 Photo by Hanay

Pharaoh decrees the drowning of every new male offspring among the Israelites by Michiel van der Borch, 1332