Patient Positions October 9 10 2017 Medical Terminology

Patient Positions October 9 -10, 2017

Medical Terminology Definitions: Find the definitions in the text book. You have 15 minutes to find the info. Each group will present to the class.

Bell Work 10 -10 1. Describe Anatomical Position in your own words 2. What is a Bed sore (also known as a pressure ulcer)? (you may use red book)

Anatomical Position • The erect position of the body with the face directed forward, the arms at the side, and the palms of the hands facing forward, used as a reference in describing the relation of body parts to one another.

Pressure Ulcer • Areas of damaged skin caused by staying in one position for too long.

Standard/Objectives Standard 13: Demonstrate concepts and skills of the following in a clinical/lab setting: a. Patient Positioning Objective: By the end of class, students will be able to • Identify the different types of patient positions • Explain why it is so important to ensure proper patient positioning techniques

Patient Positions • important for maintaining alignment and for preventing bed sores • vital for providing comfort for patients who are bedridden or have decreased mobility • When positioning a patient in bed, supportive devices such as pillows, rolls, and blankets, along with repositioning, can aid in providing comfort and safety

Surgical Positions There are four basic surgical positions: 1. Supine 2. Prone 3. Lithotomy 4. Lateral

PRONE AND SUPINE Prone: Position of lying on the anterior part of the body. Patient lies on stomach with head turned to the side. Supine: Position of lying on the posterior part of the body. Patient lies flat on back. Additional supportive devices may be added for comfort.

LITHOTOMY Lithotomy position: Position in which the patient is on their back with the hips and knees flexed and the thighs apart. The position is often used for vaginal examinations and childbirth.

LATERAL • Right Lateral Recumbent/Side lying The Right lateral recumbent, or RLR, means that the patient is lying on their right side. • Left Lateral Recumbent/Side lying The left lateral recumbent, or LLR, means that the patient is lying on their left side. Patient lies on the side of the body with the top leg over the bottom leg. This position helps relieve pressure on the coccyx.

Lateral Position, AKA SIMS • a position in which the patient lies on the side with the knee and thigh drawn upward toward the chest (between supine and prone) The chest and abdomen are allowed to fall forward. Left Sims' is the position of choice for administering enemas or conducting rectal examinations. • Arms should be comfortably placed beside the patient, not underneath.

Fowlers position

High Fowlers

Semi- Fowlers Position

Trendelenburg • a supine position in which the feet are higher than the head; used in patients who become acutely hypotensive.

Reverse Trendelenburg

Benefits of Both • gravity helps pull the intestines down away from the pelvis and it is easier for the surgeon to access parts of the patient’s body. • The position is being used more and more due to the massive increase in laparoscopic surgeries.

Benefits of the Reverse Trendelenburg Position • Using this position can improve cerebral (brain) blood flow • Increase the effectiveness of a spinal anesthetic or epidural • Allows easier placement of a central venous catheter as it decreases the risk of pulmonary aspiration by vomiting and engorged cervix vessels. • It is beneficial for neck and head surgery as it increases the venous drainage in the area along with reducing intracranial pressure. The position also decreases the chance of passive regurgitation (vomiting)

Patient positions Safety Precautions

Let’s PRACTICE!

Questions for “Pay Attention to Patient Positioning” 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. List three thing proper patient positioning can prevent. What do you need to access to ensure your patient is safe during a procedure? What are the four main types of patient positions in the OR? How is a patient position determined? How does positioning effect the respiratory system? How does positioning effect the circulatory system? How does positioning effect the skin or integumentary system? How does position effect the nervous system? What are donuts used for? (not the kind you eat) List three ways padding can aid in patient positioning. List 3 common injuries d/t poor patient positioning and how you can prevent them. What is the time frame for a procedure that will increase risk for a pressure ulcer formation? 13. What is something you can do as a provider to make sure the patient’s chart reflects proper positioning techniques?