History Taking History of Patient • • • Medical and Reproductive History Environment Diet Vaccinations and medications History of presenting complaint History of Farm • Incidence of similar complaints on farm
Signalment Complete description of patient • • Age, Sex, Breed Identifying marks Reproductive status Double check client-reported information
Physical Exam Take the Temperature, Respiratory Rate and Heart Rate of the patient. Normal Ranges in Bovine: Temp: 36. 7 -39. 1⁰C (beef) 38 -39. 3⁰C (dairy) Resp: 26 -50 breaths per min HR: 48 -84 beats per min Is animal showing signs of Pain
Physical Exam BCS Dehydration status Mentation- BAR? Evaluate the mucus membranes- CRT, moisture, colour. Is animal
Udder Exam Observe the entire udder, its size, conformation, color and any lesions present. Compare the quarters with each other. Classify any lesions or lacerations present • • • Partial or full thickness Acute or chronic (> 12 hrs) Simple or complex Longitudinal or transverse Proximal or distal
Udder Exam Palpate the entire udder for: • Heat • Hardness • Edema Palpate the teat sphincter Examine the teat orifice