Past Simple tense How to form a Past

Past Simple tense How to form a Past Simple Tense S + V 2 - Most past tense verbs end in –ed - Irregular verb have special past tense forms which must be memorized

Ø Use the Past Simple to describe action and situations started and finished at a specific time in the past. The sentence often contains an adverb or adverb phrase of time, such as - yesterday, the other day, - last night, last week, - three days ago, a few minutes ago, etc

Example : • Last year, I didn't travel to Korea. • Did you have dinner last night? • She washed her car yesterday.

Ø used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. Example : 1. When she was young, she danced beautifully. 2. He played the violin when he was a child. 3. We often went there.

Past Continuous Tense How to form a Past Continuous Tense S + was/were + V. ing

Past Continuous Tense Øused for a continuous action happening at some time in the past. Example : • At this time last week I was lying on the beach in Florida. • At 10 o’clock my friend was doing his homework. • Yesterday morning I was enjoying the weather.

Ø Use for a continuous action in the past which is interrupted by another action or a time : Example : • When I got home yesterday, a cat was sitting on the roof. • How fast was she driving when she had the accident? • The boy was standing on the table when the principal came into the room.

Past Perfect Tense How to form a Past Perfect Tense S + had + V 3

Past Perfect Tense Ø Use to describe an action that took place in the past before another past action (�������� 2 ����������� ������������� when, before, until, after)

Example • I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Phuket. • Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand? • I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.

Past Perfect Continuous How to form a Past Perfect Continuous S + had been + V. ing

Past Perfect Continuous Ø describe a past, ongoing action that was completed before some other past action "For five minutes" and "for two weeks" are both durations which can be used with the Past Perfect Continuous.

Example : ØHow long had you been waiting to get on the bus? ØJames had been teaching at the university for more than a year before he left for Asia. ØYou had been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.

Past Perfect Tense Past Perfect Continuous Tense -James had taught at the -James had been teaching university for more than a at the university for more year before he left for Asia. than a year before he left for Asia. - Mary had slept in the -Mary had been sleeping room for three hours when in the room for three hours I arrived home. when I arrived home.

Past Perfect / Past Perfect Continuous I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8: 00. I (try)_______ to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have)______ five cups of coffee and I (wait)_______ over an hour. I had to leave because I (arrange)______ to meet Kathy in front of theater.

I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8: 00. I (try) had been trying to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have) had five cups of coffee and I (wait) had been waiting over an hour. I had to leave because I (arrange) had arranged to meet Kathy in front of theater.

Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past Continuous). 1. While Tom (read)_____ , Amely (watch) ______ a documentary on TV. 2. Nobody (listen)______ while the teacher (explain)______ the tenses. 3. While we (do) ____ a sight-seeing tour, our friends (lie) ______ on the beach. 4. When Mike and Jane (paint)_____ the walls, their dog (knock) ______over the paint pot. 5. He (pass) ______ her a message when the teacher (look / not) _____.

6. We (wait)______for Jane, when suddenly Louis (come)_____ around the corner. 7. It (start)_____ to rain while she (water)____ the flowers in her garden. 8. Tom (break)____his leg when he (play) football. 9. I (feel)_____ asleep while I (watch)_______ TV last night. 10. The students (play)____cards when the teacher come) in.

Present Perfect How to form a Present Perfect S + has/have + V. 3

Present Perfect Ø Use to describes an action that are completed in the past when the time is not important and continues in the present

• There have been many earthquakes in California. • People have traveled to the Moon. • Have you read the book yet? • I have here since 1989.

v action that are completed in the past when the time is not important • There have been many earthquakes in California. • People have traveled to the Moon.

v action that are completed in the past and continued in the present - I have lived in Bangkok since 1989. (Now I am living in Bangkok. ) - She has studied medicine for 5 years. (Now she is studying it. ) Ø We also use the Present Perfect with since, for, just, yet, already - I have just finished my homework. - She has already read this book.

for mention period of time (from start to end) >===< since mention point of time (up to now) x===>| for 20 minutes for three days for 6 months for 4 years for 2 centuries for a long time for ever etc since 9 am since Monday since January since 1997 since I left school since he arrived etc all tenses perfect tenses only

FOR to mention a period of time. SINCE mention point of time (continues to now). I have been a doctor fifteen years. (duration = 15 years) I have been a doctor since 1992. (starting point = 1994) She has been a mother for six months. She has been pregnant since her first child was born. My sister has lived in Frankfurt for nine My sister has lived in Frankfurt since months. the beginning of March.

Present Perfect Continuous How to form a Present Perfect Continuous S + has/have been + V. ing

Present Perfect Continuous Ø Use to describes an action that began in the past, continues in the present, and may continues into future Ø"For five minutes, " "for two weeks, " and "since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect Continuous.

• She has been watching too much television. • We have been waiting here for over two hours! • Why has Nancy not been taking her medicine for the last three days?

ØAn action that has just stopped or recently stopped (���������� ) -He has been drinking and can’t walk straight. -I'm tired because I have been running. - What have been eating? Your lips and chin are purple.

Present Perfect and Past Simple Present Perfect Past Simple Actions that started in Finished actions the past and continue to the present - I knew Julie for ten - I have known Tina years. for ten years. (but then she moved away (Now I still know her). and we lost touch).

Present Perfect and Past Simple 1. Last night I_________(lose) my keys – I had to call my flat mate to let me in. 2. I______ (lose) my keys - can you help me look for them? 3. I_________ (visit) Paris three times. 4. Last year I__________ (visit) Paris. 5. I__________ (know) my great grandmother for a few years - she died when I was eight. 6. I_________ (know) Julie for three years - we still meet once a month. 7. I__________ (play) Hockey since I was a child - I'm pretty good!. 8. She______ (play) hockey at school but she didn't like it. 9. Sorry, I______ (miss) the bus - I'm going to be late. 10. I'm sorry, John isn't here now. He_______ (go) to the shops.

Present Perfect and Past Simple 1. Last night I______lost______(lose) my keys – I had to call my flat mate to let me in. 2. I_______'ve lost_____ (lose) my keys - can you help me look for them? 3. I_____'ve visited____ (visit) Paris three times. 4. Last year I_______visited______ (visit) Paris. 5. I______knew_____ (know) my great grandmother for a few years - she died when I was eight. . 6. I_______'ve known______ (know) Julie for three years - we still meet once a month. . 7. I_______'ve played______ (play) Hockey since I was a child - I'm pretty good!. 8. She_______played_____ (play) hockey at school but she didn't like it. 9. Sorry, I_____'ve missed______ (miss) the bus - I'm going to be late. 10. I'm sorry, John isn't here now. He_______'s gone______ (go) to the shops.

Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous. 1. I call_______for you for half an hour. Where____ ? And why are your clothes so dirty? 2. I _____(tidy up) the shed in the garden. 3. ______find a box with old photos there? I ____(look) for it for ages 4. I _____ (not discover) it yet, but I have not been working for a long time yet. I _______(come ) in to eat something. 5. I _______(cooked) anything yet because _______(talking ) to our neighbour.

1. I have been calling for you for half an hour. Where have you been ? And why are your clothes so dirty? 2. I have been tidying up the shed in the garden. 3. Have you found a box with old photos there? I have been looking for it for ages 4. I have not discovered it yet, but I have not been working for a long time yet. I have just come in to eat something. 5. I have not cooked anything yet because I have been talking to our neighbour.